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Connecting the Oxidative Potential of Secondary Organic Aerosols with Reactive Oxygen Species in Exposed Lung Cells
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    Connecting the Oxidative Potential of Secondary Organic Aerosols with Reactive Oxygen Species in Exposed Lung Cells
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    • Pratiti Home Chowdhury
      Pratiti Home Chowdhury
      Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    • Quanfu He
      Quanfu He
      Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
      More by Quanfu He
    • Raanan Carmieli
      Raanan Carmieli
      Department of Chemical Support Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    • Chunlin Li
      Chunlin Li
      Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
      More by Chunlin Li
    • Yinon Rudich
      Yinon Rudich
      Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
      More by Yinon Rudich
    • Michal Pardo*
      Michal Pardo
      Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
      *E-mail: [email protected] (M.P.).
      More by Michal Pardo
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2019, 53, 23, 13949–13958
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b04449
    Published October 25, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    It has been hypothesized that the cytotoxicity of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) is mediated through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the exposed cells. Here, lung epithelial cells (A549) residing at the air–liquid interface were exposed to proxies of anthropogenic and biogenic SOA that were photochemically aged under varying nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentrations in an oxidation flow reactor. The total organic peroxides and ROS radical content in the SOA were quantified by the iodometric spectrophotometric method and by continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance. The effect of the exposure was evaluated by measuring cell viability and cellular ROS production following the exposure. The results demonstrate that SOA that aged in the absence of NOx contained more ROS than fresh SOA and were more toxic toward the cells, while varying NOx conditions had no significant influence on levels of the ROS content in fresh SOA and their toxicity. Analysis of ROS in the exposed cells using flow cytometry showed a similar trend with the total ROS content in the SOA. This study provides a first and direct observation of such association.

    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04449.

    • SOA generation in the OFR and OH exposure determination; cell culture, exposure system, and optimization of the exposure; summary of the initial conditions for SOA experiments; density and chemical composition (elemental ratios) of fresh, aged and with NOx conditions of naphthalene and α-pinene-derived SOA; exposed particle mass and ROS during the exposure experiment; SOA characterization: organic peroxide and ROS production; and schematic representation of the experiment (PDF)

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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2019, 53, 23, 13949–13958
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b04449
    Published October 25, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

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