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    New Insights into 99Tc(VII) Removal by Pyrite: A Spectroscopic Approach
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    • Diana M. Rodríguez
      Diana M. Rodríguez
      Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
      More by Diana M. Rodríguez
    • Natalia Mayordomo*
      Natalia Mayordomo
      Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
      *E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: +49 351 260 3487.
      More by Natalia Mayordomo
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4433-9500
    • Andreas C. Scheinost
      Andreas C. Scheinost
      Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
      The Rossendorf Beamline (ROBL), 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
      More by Andreas C. Scheinost
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-5428
    • Dieter Schild
      Dieter Schild
      Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-8146
    • Vinzenz Brendler
      Vinzenz Brendler
      Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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    • Katharina Müller*
      Katharina Müller
      Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
      *E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: +49 351 260 2439.
      More by Katharina Müller
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-1638
    • Thorsten Stumpf
      Thorsten Stumpf
      Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 5, 2678–2687
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b05341
    Published January 21, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    99Tc(VII) uptake by synthetic pure pyrite at 21 °C was studied in a wide pH range from 3.50 to 10.50 using batch experiments combined with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman microscopy. We found that pyrite removes Tc quantitatively from solution (log Kd = 5.0 ± 0.1) within 1 day at pH ≥ 5.50 ± 0.08. At pH < 5.50 ± 0.08, the uptake process is slower, leading to 98% Tc removal (log Kd = 4.5 ± 0.1) after 35 days. The slower Tc uptake was explained by higher pyrite solubility under acidic conditions. After 2 months in contact with oxygen at pH 6.00 ± 0.07 and 10.00 ± 0.04, Tc was neither reoxidized nor redissolved. XAS showed that the uptake mechanism involves the reduction from Tc(VII) to Tc(IV) and subsequent inner-sphere complexation of Tc(IV)–Tc(IV) dimers onto a Fe oxide like hematite at pH 6.00 ± 0.07, and Tc(IV) incorporation into magnetite via Fe(III) substitution at pH 10.00 ± 0.04. Calculations of Fe speciation under the experimental conditions predict the formation of hematite at pH < 7.50 and magnetite at pH > 7.50, explaining the formation of the two different Tc species depending on the pH. XPS spectra showed the formation of TcSx at pH 10.00 ± 0.04, being a small fraction of a surface complex, potentially a transient phase in the total redox process.

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b05341.

    • Pyrite solubility determination, X-ray powder diffraction, ζ-potential measurements, Raman microscopy and modeling; pyrite characterization, pH effect on pyrite solubility, pH adjustment; %Tc released to solution during the reoxidation assays; identification of Fe(III) minerals with SEM micrographs; Raman spectra of the pyrite + Tc 1000 ppm at pH 6; shell fit of the sorption complex; calculated iron speciation; S 2p XPS spectra; isotherms (PDF)

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    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 5, 2678–2687
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b05341
    Published January 21, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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