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Multiyear Measurements on Δ17O of Stream Nitrate Indicate High Nitrate Production in a Temperate Forest

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    Multiyear Measurements on Δ17O of Stream Nitrate Indicate High Nitrate Production in a Temperate Forest
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    • Shaonan Huang
      Shaonan Huang
      CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
      Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
      More by Shaonan Huang
    • Fan Wang
      Fan Wang
      School of Atmospheric Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519082, China
      Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519082, China
      More by Fan Wang
    • Emily M. Elliott
      Emily M. Elliott
      Department of Geology & Environmental Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4107 O’ Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
      More by Emily M. Elliott
    • Feifei Zhu
      Feifei Zhu
      CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
      Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China
      Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
      More by Feifei Zhu
    • Weixing Zhu
      Weixing Zhu
      Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
      More by Weixing Zhu
    • Keisuke Koba
      Keisuke Koba
      Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga 520-2113, Japan
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      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1942-9811
    • Zhongjie Yu
      Zhongjie Yu
      Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
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      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0154
    • Erik A. Hobbie
      Erik A. Hobbie
      Earth Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
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    • Greg Michalski
      Greg Michalski
      Department of Chemistry, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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    • Ronghua Kang
      Ronghua Kang
      CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
      Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
      More by Ronghua Kang
    • Anzhi Wang
      Anzhi Wang
      CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
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    • Jiaojun Zhu
      Jiaojun Zhu
      CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
      Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
      More by Jiaojun Zhu
    • Shenglei Fu
      Shenglei Fu
      Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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    • Yunting Fang*
      Yunting Fang
      CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China
      Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, China
      Qingyuan Forest CERN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
      *Email: [email protected]. Phone/Fax: +86-024-83970541.
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      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7531-546X
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 7, 4231–4239
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07839
    Published March 11, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Nitrification is a crucial step in ecosystem nitrogen (N) cycling, but scaling up from plot-based measurements of gross nitrification to catchments is difficult. Here, we employed a newly developed method in which the oxygen isotope anomaly (Δ17O) of nitrate (NO3–) is used as a natural tracer to quantify in situ catchment-scale gross nitrification rate (GNR) for a temperate forest from 2014 to 2017 in northeastern China. The annual GNR ranged from 71 to 120 kg N ha–1 yr–1 (average 94 ± 10 kg N ha–1 yr–1) over the 4 years in this forest. This result and high stream NO3– loss (4.2–8.9 kg N ha–1 yr–1) suggest that the forested catchment may have been N-saturated. At the catchment scale, the total N output of 10.7 kg N ha–1 yr–1, via leaching and gaseous losses, accounts for 56% of the N input from bulk precipitation (19.2 kg N ha–1 yr–1). This result indicates that the forested catchment is still retaining a large fraction of N from atmospheric deposition. Our study suggests that estimating in situ catchment-scale GNR over several years when combined with other conventional flux estimates can facilitate the understanding of N biogeochemical cycling and changes in the ecosystem N status.

    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b07839.

    • Ecosystem N pools and litter N input (Text S1); quantification of denitrification and biological NO3– uptake (Text S2); statistical significances between warm and cool seasons for these variables (mean ± 1 SD) in precipitation and stream (Table S1); relevant parameters of quantifying denitrification and plant uptake using the NO3– approach (Table S2); locations of the forested catchment in northeast China (Figure S1); and NO3– concentrations of stream water samples were collected at different tributaries along the flow direction in 2015 (Figure S2) (PDF)

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    Cited By

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    This article is cited by 31 publications.

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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 7, 4231–4239
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07839
    Published March 11, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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