Phosphorus Removal from Dirty Farmyard Water by Activated Anaerobic-Digestion-Derived Biochar

Click to copy article linkArticle link copied!

This article references 49 other publications.

1. 1

   Awual, M. R. Efficient phosphate removal from water for controlling eutrophication using novel composite adsorbent. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 228, 1311– 1319,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.325

   Google Scholar

   1

   Efficient phosphate removal from water for controlling eutrophication using novel composite adsorbent

   Awual, Md. Rabiul

   Journal of Cleaner Production (2019), 228 (), 1311-1319CODEN: JCROE8; ISSN:0959-6526. (Elsevier Ltd.)

   The excessive phosphate (P(V)) removal is a key factor to control the eutrophication. The ligand based composite adsorbent was fabricated from the stand point of ion-exchange adsorption, eletroselectivity and hydrogen bonding mechanism. The mesoporous silica and ligand embedded composite adsorbent were characterized to understand ordered porosity in the frameworks. The composite adsorbent was protonated before going to start the adsorption by using 2.0 M HCl. In this work, the competitive adsorption of the similar chem. properties and ionic radii of arsenic and phosphate was also evaluated. The adsorbent was exhibited rapid adsorption, significant selectivity and high adsorption capacity. Remarkably, this adsorbent demonstrated the adsorption in low pH area; however, the neutral pH 7.0 was selected to expel the competing ions. The adsorption process was fitted to the Langmuir model, confirming the monolayer coverage and the max. adsorption capacity were also as high as 159.13 mg/g. The adsorbent clarified the specific selectivity towards the P(V) over the highly competed anions of Cl-, HCO-3, and SO2-4 according to the strong hydrogen bonding interactions between the divalent HPO2-4 and the protonated composite adsorbent of NH+3 groups at pH 7.0. Apart from the remarkable P(V) adsorption in terms of high adsorption and immense selectivity, the composite adsorbent was found to be environmental friendly based on the elution process. The adsorbent possessed high reusability in terms of several matrixes treatments during the adsorption-elution-reuses cycles. The eluent was selected of the 2.0 M HCl from the consideration of regeneration to the protonated form rather than using NaOH. Therefore, the proposed composite adsorbent was found to be an ideal candidate for P(V) removal in the contaminated wastewater.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXhtVWqtLvP&md5=49e5a4b9fd1f9ee070ee614e75e37e7f
2. 2

   Li, Y.; Shang, J.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, W.; Niu, L.; Wang, L.; Zhang, H. The role of freshwater eutrophication in greenhouse gas emissions: A review. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 768, 144582,  DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144582

   Google Scholar

   2

   The role of freshwater eutrophication in greenhouse gas emissions: A review

   Li, Yi; Shang, Jiahui; Zhang, Chi; Zhang, Wenlong; Niu, Lihua; Wang, Longfei; Zhang, Huanjun

   Science of the Total Environment (2021), 768 (), 144582CODEN: STENDL; ISSN:0048-9697. (Elsevier B.V.)

   A review. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) have long received public attention because they affect the Earth's climate by producing the greenhouse effect. Freshwaters are an important source of GHGs, and the enhancement in their eutrophic status affects GHG emissions. Along with the increasing eutrophication of water bodies, the relevant quant. and qual. studies of the effects of freshwater eutrophication on GHG emissions have made substantial progress, particularly in the past 5 years. However, to our knowledge, this is the first crit. review to focus on the role of freshwater eutrophication in GHG emissions. In this review, the emissions of common GHGs from freshwater are quant. described. Importantly, direct (i.e., dissolved oxygen, org. carbon, and nutrients) and indirect factors (i.e., dominant primary producer and algal blooms) affecting GHG emissions from eutrophic freshwater are systematically analyzed. In particular, the existence and significance of feedback loops between freshwater eutrophication and GHG emissions are emphasized considering the difficulties managing freshwater ecosystems and the Earth's climate. Finally, several future research directions as well as mitigation measures are described to provide useful insight into the dynamics and control of GHG emissions.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3MXhsFKrurg%253D&md5=f23049ebc62d729cc9885025901fcf71
3. 3

   Zhang, Y.; Song, C.; Ji, L.; Liu, Y.; Xiao, J.; Cao, X.; Zhou, Y. Cause and effect of N/P ratio decline with eutrophication aggravation in shallow lakes. Sci. Total Environ. 2018, 627, 1294– 1302,  DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.327

   Google Scholar

   3

   Cause and effect of N/P ratio decline with eutrophication aggravation in shallow lakes

   Zhang, Yao; Song, Chunlei; Ji, Lei; Liu, Yuqian; Xiao, Jian; Cao, Xiuyun; Zhou, Yiyong

   Science of the Total Environment (2018), 627 (), 1294-1302CODEN: STENDL; ISSN:0048-9697. (Elsevier B.V.)

   To explore the relation and cause and effect between eutrophication and the nitrogen (N)/phosphorus (P) ratio, samples from 38 lakes in Wuhan City, China, with differing degrees of eutrophication, were collected for nutrient levels and extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) in the water column from July 2011 to Nov. 2011. The phosphorus fraction, abundance and potential denitrification rate (PDR) as well as community compn. of nirS-type denitrifier in sediments of five typical lakes were further analyzed. A higher trophic level index (TSI) corresponded to a lower N/P ratio, which can be attributed to a loss of N and an increase in P. Specifically, in more eutrophic lakes, the enrichment of total org. carbon and all forms of P in sediments could fuel PDR by shaping community compn. and increasing the abundance of nirS-type denitrifier as evidenced by correlation and redundancy anal., ultimately resulting in a loss of N. Meanwhile, iron-bound phosphorus release induced by anoxia and the hydrolysis of org. P accounted for the obsd. increase of P in the water column. The lower N/P ratio facilitated the prodn. of leucine aminopeptidase, which was unexpectedly induced by high P but not by low N. Similarly, alk. phosphatase was induced by high N but not by low P. These findings indicate a mutual coupling and interplay between N and P cycling and confirm our hypothesis that P accumulation accelerates N loss in the process of eutrophication.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1cXisVymsrw%253D&md5=49a2f259f18c5d5f907ad8f124b86aaf
4. 4

   Xia, R.; Zhang, Y.; Critto, A.; Wu, J.; Fan, J.; Zheng, Z.; Zhang, Y. The potential impacts of climate change factors on freshwater eutrophication: implications for research and countermeasures of water management in China. Sustainability 2016, 8 (3), 229,  DOI: 10.3390/su8030229

   Google Scholar

   There is no corresponding record for this reference.
5. 5

   Mehrabinia, P.; Ghanbari-Adivi, E.; Samimi, H. A.; Fattahi, R. Phosphate Removal from Agricultural Drainage Using Biochar. Water Conserv. Sci. Eng. 2022,  DOI: 10.1007/s41101-022-00150-3

   Google Scholar

   There is no corresponding record for this reference.
6. 6

   Zhang, L.; Liu, J.; Guo, X. Investigation on mechanism of phosphate removal on carbonized sludge adsorbent. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018, 64, 335– 344,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.06.034

   Google Scholar

   6

   Investigation on mechanism of phosphate removal on carbonized sludge adsorbent

   Zhang, Lei; Liu, Junxin; Guo, Xuesong

   Journal of Environmental Sciences (Beijing, China) (2018), 64 (), 335-344CODEN: JENSEE; ISSN:1001-0742. (Science Press)

   For the removal of phosphate (PO43-) from water, an adsorbent was prepd. via carbonization of sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant: carbonized sludge adsorbent (CSA). The mechanism of phosphate removal was detd. after studying the structure and chem. properties of the CSA and its influence on phosphate removal. The results demonstrate that phosphate adsorption by the CSA can be fitted with the pseudo second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption is single mol. layer adsorption dominated by chem. reaction. The active sites binding phosphate on the surface are composed of mineral particles contg. Si/Ca/Al/Fe. The mineral contg. Ca, calcite, is the main factor responsible for phosphate removal. The phosphate removal mechanism is a complex process including crystn. via the interaction between Ca2+ and PO43-; formation of ppts. of Ca2+, Al3+, and PO43-; and adsorption of PO43- on some recalcitrant oxides composed of Si/Al/Fe.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3MXisF2lur7N&md5=bc687bc53a7b8bc3758a1d3083e126d8
7. 7

   Lu, N. C.; Liu, J. Removal of phosphate and fluoride from wastewater by a hybrid precipitation-microfiltration process. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2010, 74 (3), 329– 335,  DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.06.023

   Google Scholar

   7

   Removal of phosphate and fluoride from wastewater by a hybrid precipitation-microfiltration process

   Lu, Nash C.; Liu, J. C.

   Separation and Purification Technology (2010), 74 (3), 329-335CODEN: SPUTFP; ISSN:1383-5866. (Elsevier B.V.)

   The removal of phosphate and fluoride from thin-film transistor liq. crystal display (TFT-LCD) wastewater by a hybrid pptn.-microfiltration (MF) process was studied. Calcium salt was used to form ppts., followed by crossflow MF for solid-liq. sepn. The results showed that excess calcium could induce effective removal of phosphate and fluoride at pH 8.5 and 10.5. The dominant solids were hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH, HAP), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F, FAP), and calcium fluoride (CaF2). Pptn. conditions affected the MF, and more significant fouling was found at pH 8.5 than pH 10.5. Permeate anal. showed increased removal of phosphate and fluoride in MF, and effective removal of turbidity. The initial flux and steady state flux increased with increasing filtration pressure and crossflow velocity. The main fouling resistance was cake resistance. This study demonstrated that the hybrid pptn.-MF process could effectively remove phosphate and fluoride from wastewater, and produce filtrate and ppts. for potential recovery and reuse.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC3cXhtVKit7rJ&md5=e6bd127a5373ed629991d875ab127fad
8. 8

   Mino, T.; Van Loosdrecht, M.; Heijnen, J. Microbiology and biochemistry of the enhanced biological phosphate removal process. Water research 1998, 32 (11), 3193– 3207,  DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00129-8

   Google Scholar

   8

   Microbiology and biochemistry of the enhanced biological phosphate removal process

   Mino, T.; Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M.; Heijnen, J. J.

   Water Research (1998), 32 (11), 3193-3207CODEN: WATRAG; ISSN:0043-1354. (Elsevier Science Ltd.)

   A review, with many refs., includes microbiol. and biochem. aspects of the enhanced biol. phosphate removal (EBPR) process, microorganisms responsible for EBPR, isolation of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs), microbial diversity of the EBPR sludge, biochem. metabs. of PAOs, energy budget in PAOs metab., denitrification by PAOs, and glycogen accumulating non-poly-P organisms. Since pure cultures which possess complete characteristics of PAOs have not been isolated yet, the biochem. mechanism cannot be definitively described. The criteria to obtain a pure culture isolate are proposed.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXmslaqsLs%253D&md5=2fc01776f5c3c6cbc6d0fe8d0b2fb03f
9. 9

   Ning, P.; Bart, H.-J.; Li, B.; Lu, X.; Zhang, Y. Phosphate removal from wastewater by model-La (III) zeolite adsorbents. J. Environ. Sci. 2008, 20 (6), 670– 674,  DOI: 10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62111-7

   Google Scholar

   9

   Phosphate removal from wastewater by model-La(III) zeolite adsorbents

   Ning, Ping; Bart, Hans-Joerg; Li, Bing; Lu, Xiwu; Zhang, Yong

   Journal of Environmental Sciences (Beijing, China) (2008), 20 (6), 670-674CODEN: JENSEE; ISSN:1001-0742. (Science Press)

   Phosphorus is one of the primary nutrients which leads to eutrophication and accelerates aging process in enclosed water bodies. Because of the poor phosphorus selectivity of other adsorbents, the novel La(III)-modified zeolite adsorbent (LZA) was prepd. by modifying 90 nm zeolite with lanthanide to selectively remove phosphate in the presence of various omnipresent anions, such as sulfates, bicarbonates, and chlorides. Through batch and fixed bed operation, the following optimum conditions were obtained: concn. of lanthanum chloride soln. 0.05 mol/L; solid/liquor ratio 1/25; pH 10; calcination temp. 550°C; time 1 h. The value of the Freundlich model consts. Kf and 1/n were found to be 16.76 mg/L and 0.2209, resp. In addn., when calcd. at pH 6.0, distribution coeff. KD could be as high as 36.6. Furthermore, in the alk. pH range, soln. of 0.8 mol/L NaCl was used to regenerate the satd. LZA, which could reach the high regeneration efficiency as high as 100%. Because of the good selectivity and regenerability of LZA, it might serve as a potential way for advanced phosphate removal from the sewage contg. other anions.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD1cXosFGlurw%253D&md5=75c45a6ae5124ac3dfa1d0d13412ca6c

   Huang, W.; Wang, S.; Zhu, Z.; Li, L.; Yao, X.; Rudolph, V.; Haghseresht, F. Phosphate removal from wastewater using red mud. Journal of hazardous materials 2008, 158 (1), 35– 42,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.061

   Google Scholar

   9

   Phosphate removal from wastewater using red mud

   Huang, Weiwei; Wang, Shaobin; Zhu, Zhonghua; Li, Li; Yao, Xiangdong; Rudolph, Victor; Haghseresht, Fouad

   Journal of Hazardous Materials (2008), 158 (1), 35-42CODEN: JHMAD9; ISSN:0304-3894. (Elsevier B.V.)

   Red mud, a waste residue of alumina refinery, has been used to develop effective adsorbents to remove phosphate from aq. soln. Acid and acid-thermal treatments were employed to treat the raw red mud. The effects of different treatment methods, pH of soln., and operating temp. on adsorption were examd. in batch expts. All activated red mud samples show higher surface area and total pore vol. as well as higher adsorption capacity for phosphate removal. The red mud with HCl treatment shows the highest adsorption capacity among all the red mud samples, giving adsorption capacity of 0.58 mg P/g at pH 5.5 and 40°. The adsorption capacity of the red mud adsorbents decreases with increase of pH. At pH 2, the red mud with HCl treatment exhibits adsorption of 0.8 mg P/g while the adsorption can be lowered to 0.05 mg P/g at pH 10. However, the adsorption is improved at higher temp. by increasing 25% from 30 to 40°. The kinetic studies of phosphate adsorption onto red mud indicate that the adsorption mainly follows the parallel first-order kinetics due to the presence of 2 acidic P species, H2PO4- and HPO42-. An anal. of the adsorption data indicates that the Freundlich isotherm provides a better fitting than the Langmuir model.

   >> More from SciFinder ^®

   https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD1cXpt1entbg%253D&md5=2085452462333f4d9bd67a740dad472e
10. 10

    Lu, S.; Bai, S.; Zhu, L.; Shan, H. Removal mechanism of phosphate from aqueous solution by fly ash. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009, 161 (1), 95– 101,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.123

    Google Scholar

    10

    Removal mechanism of phosphate from aqueous solution by fly ash

    Lu, S. G.; Bai, S. Q.; Zhu, L.; Shan, H. D.

    Journal of Hazardous Materials (2009), 161 (1), 95-101CODEN: JHMAD9; ISSN:0304-3894. (Elsevier B.V.)

    This work studied the effectiveness of fly ash in removing phosphate from aq. soln. and its related removal mechanism. The adsorption and pptn. of phosphate by fly ash were investigated sep. in order to evaluate their role in the removal of phosphate. Results showed that the removal of phosphate by fly ash was rapid. The removal percentage of phosphate in the first 5 min reached 68-96% of the max. removal of phosphate by fly ash. The removal processes of phosphate by fly ash included a fast and large removal representing pptn., then a slower and longer removal due to adsorption. The adsorption of phosphate on fly ash could be described well by Freundlich isotherm equation. The pH and Ca2+ concn. of fly ash suspension were decreased with the addn. of phosphate, which suggests that calcium phosphate pptn. is a major mechanism of the phosphate removal. Comparison of the relative contribution of the adsorption and pptn. to the total removal of phosphate by fly ash showed that the adsorption accounted for 30-34% of the total removal of phosphate, depending on the content of CaO in fly ash. XRD patterns of the fly ash before and after phosphate adsorption revealed that phosphate salt (CaHPO4·2H2O) was formed in the adsorption process. Therefore, the removal of phosphate by fly ash can be attributed to the formation of phosphate pptn. as a brushite and the adsorption on hydroxylated oxides. The results suggested that the use of fly ash could be a promising soln. to the removal of phosphate in the wastewater treatment and pollution control.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD1cXhtlOmsrvJ&md5=e90295680c213d83b33c5b60a4fefc02
11. 11

    Yu, J.; Liang, W.; Wang, L.; Li, F.; Zou, Y.; Wang, H. Phosphate removal from domestic wastewater using thermally modified steel slag. Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015, 31, 81– 88,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.12.007

    Google Scholar

    11

    Phosphate removal from domestic wastewater using thermally modified steel slag

    Yu, Jian; Liang, Wenyan; Wang, Li; Li, Feizhen; Zou, Yuanlong; Wang, Haidong

    Journal of Environmental Sciences (Beijing, China) (2015), 31 (), 81-88CODEN: JENSEE; ISSN:1001-0742. (Science Press)

    This study was performed to investigate the removal of phosphate from domestic wastewater using a modified steel slag as the adsorbent. The adsorption effects of alky., salt, water, and thermal modification were investigated. The results showed that thermal activation at 800 °C for 1 h was the optimum operation to improve the adsorption capacity. The adsorption process of the thermally modified slag was well described by the Elovich kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. The max. adsorption capacity calcd. from the Langmuir model reached 13.62 mg/g. SEM indicated that the surface of the modified slag was cracked and that the texture became loose after heating. The surface area and pore vol. did not change after thermal modification. In the treatment of domestic wastewater, the modified slag bed (35.5 kg) removed phosphate effectively and operated for 158 days until the effluent P rose above the limit concn. of 0.5 mg/L. Phosphate fractionation method, which is often applied in soil research, was used to analyze phosphate adsorption behavior in the slag bed. The anal. revealed that the total contents of various Ca-P forms accounted for 81.4-91.1%, i.e., Ca10-P 50.6-65.1%, Ca8-P 17.8-25.0%, and Ca2-P 4.66-9.20%. The forms of Al-P, Fe-P, and O-P accounted for only 8.9-18.6%. The formation of Ca10-P ppts. was considered to be the main mechanism of phosphate removal in the thermally modified slag bed.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1cXisFKgsbvP&md5=5fbeadd159d137e36f2701e0bc34da0d
12. 12

    SHI, Z.-l.; LIU, F.-m.; YAO, S.-h. Adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions using activated carbon loaded with Fe (III) oxide. New carbon materials 2011, 26 (4), 299– 306,  DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(11)60083-8

    Google Scholar

    There is no corresponding record for this reference.
13. 13

    Wu, B.; Wan, J.; Zhang, Y.; Pan, B.; Lo, I. M. Selective phosphate removal from water and wastewater using sorption: process fundamentals and removal mechanisms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54 (1), 50– 66,  DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05569

    Google Scholar

    13

    Selective Phosphate Removal from Water and Wastewater using Sorption: Process Fundamentals and Removal Mechanisms

    Wu, Baile; Wan, Jun; Zhang, Yanyang; Pan, Bingcai; Lo, Irene M. C.

    Environmental Science & Technology (2020), 54 (1), 50-66CODEN: ESTHAG; ISSN:0013-936X. (American Chemical Society)

    A review discussing the most fundamental aspects of selective PO43- removal processes, highlighting gains from the latest developments of PO43--selective sorbents is given. Dominating factors affecting PO43- sorption performance of these sorbents were examd. and over-looked facts regarding development of high-performance sorbents for selective PO43- removal from water and wastewater are discussed. Topics covered include: introduction: motivation for selective PO43- removal; process fundamentals (approaches to achieve PO43- selectivity based on acid-base properties, geometric shape, metal complexing ability; selectivity detn. methods [equil. PO43- sorption capacity with/without competing ions, distribution coeff.]); selective PO43- removal from water and wastewater based on H-bonding (carboxyl, amino, and guanidinium group-functionalized sorbents); selective PO43- removal based on shape complementarity (molecularly imprinted polymer [MIP]-based sorbents, heterogeneous binding site distribution, water incompatibility, MIP structure tedious optimization, unknown PO43- removal in complex water matrixes); selective PO43- removal base on inner-sphere complexation (metal and mixed metal oxides/hydroxides, metal-support sorbents); sorbent quality discussion (required qualities of ideal PO43--selective sorbent, trade-offs between high selectivity and regeneration ability); perspectives and outlook (fundamental studies, practical applications, PO43- sorption: new discoveries for old topic); and supporting information.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXitlWqt7bK&md5=0d39673d330805649e69bd92110441fd
14. 14

    Zhang, L.; Wan, L.; Chang, N.; Liu, J.; Duan, C.; Zhou, Q.; Li, X.; Wang, X. Removal of phosphate from water by activated carbon fiber loaded with lanthanum oxide. Journal of hazardous materials 2011, 190 (1–3), 848– 855,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.021

    Google Scholar

    14

    Removal of phosphate from water by activated carbon fiber loaded with lanthanum oxide

    Zhang, Ling; Wan, Li-Hua; Chang, Ning; Liu, Jian-Yong; Duan, Chao; Zhou, Qi; Li, Xiang-Ling; Wang, Xin-Ze

    Journal of Hazardous Materials (2011), 190 (1-3), 848-855CODEN: JHMAD9; ISSN:0304-3894. (Elsevier B.V.)

    Phosphate removal from wastewater is very important for the prevention of eutrophication. Adsorption of phosphate from water was studied using activated C fiber loaded with La oxide (ACF-La) as a novel adsorbent. The effects of variables (La/ACF mass ratio, impregnation time, activation time, and activation temp.) were studied by the single-factor method. Response surface methodol. (RSM), based on 3-variable-three-level Box-Behnken design (BBD), was used to assess the individual and collective effects of the main independent parameters on the phosphate removal. The optimal conditions within the range studied for prepg. ACF-La were: La/ACF mass ratio 11.78%, activation time 2.5 h and activation temp. 650°, resp. The phosphate removal using the ACF-La prepd. under the optimal conditions was ≤97.6% even when the phosphate concn. in water was 30 mg P/L, indicating that ACF-La may be an effective adsorbent. The results from FTIR spectroscopy and change of pH values assocd. with the adsorption process revealed that the probable mechanism of phosphate onto ACF-La was not only ion exchange and coulomb interaction, but also a result of Lewis acid-base interaction due to La-O coordination bonding.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC3MXmtlajtLs%253D&md5=16ed57b69df4826414c08e9760fd7c30
15. 15

    Singh, T.; Arpanaei, A.; Elustondo, D.; Wang, Y.; Stocchero, A.; West, T.; Fu, Q. Emerging technologies for the development of wood products towards extended carbon storage and CO2 capture. Carbon Capture Sci. Technol. 2022, 4, 100057,  DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100057

    Google Scholar

    15

    Emerging technologies for the development of wood products towards extended carbon storage and CO2 capture

    Singh, Tripti; Arpanaei, Ayoob; Elustondo, Diego; Wang, Yue; Stocchero, Andrea; West, Thales A. P.; Fu, Qiliang

    Carbon Capture Science & Technology (2022), 4 (), 100057CODEN: CCSTDI; ISSN:2772-6568. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Forests have an important role in mitigating greenhouse gasses and global climate warming by storing carbon. Carbon is locked in trees through photosynthesis, which contributes around 50% of the dry mass of wood. Therefore, wood is crit. for maximizing the carbon capture and storage of nature. In this mini-review, emerging technologies for the development of wood products toward extended carbon storage and capture are overviewed. Novel functional wood-based materials for capturing CO2 are discussed including wood-based and biochar membranes/adsorbents. The emerging wood nanotechnologies are highlighted for manufg. high-performance products, which have great potential to substitute fossil-based plastics. The developing technologies of engineered wood products, such as densification, chem. modification, and mineralization of wood, are also summarized with the objective of extending wood carbon storage. The impact of woody biomass on the economy and carbon mitigation is briefly studied in this review. This could help us with the sustainable economic management of forests and wood targeting reducing the neg. impact of greenhouse gas emission and global climate warming. The outlook for functional wood products are described along with the potential for the development of new technologies in carbon storage and capture.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB38XitVGgs7nM&md5=04dcc7b7156fea36405ae23b9b780961
16. 16

    Weber, K.; Quicker, P. Properties of biochar. Fuel 2018, 217, 240– 261,  DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2017.12.054

    Google Scholar

    16

    Properties of biochar

    Weber, Kathrin; Quicker, Peter

    Fuel (2018), 217 (), 240-261CODEN: FUELAC; ISSN:0016-2361. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    A review is given. Biochar can be used in a large no. of applications, ranging from heat and power prodn. to soil amendment. The properties of carbonized biomass depend on the feedstock and the process conditions. Selection of suitable conditions to produce a char with the desired properties therefore requires knowledge of dependencies and influencing factors, both quant. and qual. This paper summarizes the results from a large no. of expts. on biochar prodn. in order to give a general overview of the properties that can be achieved by feedstock selection and process design. Prodn. processes include both torrefaction as well as slow pyrolysis at high temps. The data evaluation has shown that among all process conditions, the treatment temp. has by far the most dominant influence on all properties. Esp. the rather narrow temp. range 200-400° causes the most significant changes and is therefore very sensible to influences and possibly difficult to control.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC2sXitVClsr7O&md5=1e58948c10127f6b21b0738b459c267c

    Qiao, Y.; Wu, C. Nitrogen enriched biochar used as CO2 adsorbents: a brief review. Carbon Capture Science & Technology 2022, 2, 100018,  DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2021.100018

    Google Scholar

    16

    Nitrogen enriched biochar used as CO2 adsorbents: a brief review

    Qiao, Yuanting; Wu, Chunfei

    Carbon Capture Science & Technology (2022), 2 (), 100018CODEN: CCSTDI; ISSN:2772-6568. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    It is widely acknowledged that the increasing CO2 concn. has led to the rise of temp. in the earth. Thus, capturing CO2 to alleviate environmental catastrophic is becoming important and urgent. Among the CO2 sorbents reported, solid adsorbents are advantageous in CO2 adsorption, CO2/N2 selectivity, easy operation and good regeneration ability. Biochar-based sorbents are promising for CO2 capture because they are self-sufficient in energy requirements, wide availability, renewability, low cost, and high porous structure. In addn., N-contg. functional groups are used to improve the capability of CO2 adsorption of biochar. This review aims to evaluate the prepn. and performance of nitrogen-enriched biochar for CO2 capture. Throughout this review paper, the current N-contg. precursors and biomass, as well as the technologies for the prepn. of N-rich biochar are discussed. It is concluded that cheaper and more sustainable ways should be proceeded to produce N-rich biochar in the field of CO2 capture research.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB38XhtlShtbvM&md5=3f0c47d146e0d4ad647dad365eda1d16
17. 17

    Qiu, B.; Duan, F. Synthesis of industrial solid wastes/biochar composites and their use for adsorption of phosphate: From surface properties to sorption mechanism. Colloids Surf., A 2019, 571, 86– 93,  DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.041

    Google Scholar

    17

    Synthesis of industrial solid wastes/biochar composites and their use for adsorption of phosphate: From surface properties to sorption mechanism

    Qiu, Bingbing; Duan, Feng

    Colloids and Surfaces, A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects (2019), 571 (), 86-93CODEN: CPEAEH; ISSN:0927-7757. (Elsevier B.V.)

    This paper demonstrates the synthesis of industrial solid wastes /biochars. The produced materials were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), SEM (SEM), and Fourier transform IR (FTIR). The composites were investigated for the phosphate removal from the aq. soln. The effect of pH on removal rate was studied in the range from 3 to 12. The kinetic exptl. data for phosphate adsorption was confirmed to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics with R2 > 0.99. Batch adsorption expts. revealed the suitability of the Freundlich model to describe the phosphate adsorption by FA B-F, CG B-F, while Langmuir model was suitable for B-F (where FA: fly ash, CG: coal gangue, B: biochar, and F: ferrite). The max. adsorption capacities of the three different samples at an initial phosphate concn. of 30 mg/L were 2.39 mg/g with B-F, 3.08 mg/g with FA B-F, and 3.20 mg/g with CG B-F. The exptl. results demonstrate that the industrial solid wastes/biochar is a promising alternative material for the restoration of eutrophic water.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXmsVWrsbo%253D&md5=4f9ec00421e25dacf498155ab0c7a374
18. 18

    Liu, R.; Chi, L.; Wang, X.; Sui, Y.; Wang, Y.; Arandiyan, H. Review of metal (hydr) oxide and other adsorptive materials for phosphate removal from water. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2018, 6 (4), 5269– 5286,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2018.08.008

    Google Scholar

    18

    Review of metal (hydr)oxide and other adsorptive materials for phosphate removal from water

    Liu, Ruiting; Chi, Lina; Wang, Xinze; Sui, Yanming; Wang, Yuan; Arandiyan, Hamidreza

    Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering (2018), 6 (4), 5269-5286CODEN: JECEBG; ISSN:2213-3437. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    A review. Eutrophication, a worldwide problem, threatens the ecol. of freshwater bodies and marine environments. However, the control of nutrients, esp. phosphate in water bodies and contaminated sediments, poses major tech. and economic challenges. Today, various attempts have been made to investigate a cost-effective way to have phosphate control. Among the various techniques applied to remove phosphate, the process of adsorption has drawn great attention due to its low cost, ease of operation, and simplicity of design. Another attractive feature of adsorption is the usage of nutrient-loaded adsorbents, which can be used as a phosphate fertilizer and a soil conditioner in agriculture. In this regard, many different types of chems. with various structures have been synthesized and applied for the capture of phosphate from water. This review summaries contemporary development of adsorbents for phosphate removal, most specifically, the adsorption by metal-based materials, mesoporous materials, org. and metal-org. hybrid materials, carbon-supported materials, minerals, and modified wastes. The effects of operational parameters on phosphate adsorption and fitting of adsorption process, as well as regeneration of used adsorbents are also examd. Metal (hydr)oxides loaded adsorbents have been widely researched. Addnl. modifying of material characteristics such as improving porosity and surface area, the stability and potential risks of adsorbents in complex condition, and their efficient sepn. and regeneration should be taken into consideration in further studies.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1cXhsFCksLnL&md5=49fa93aa9a90e4d128281ca390665698
19. 19

    Shyam, S.; Arun, J.; Gopinath, K. P.; Ribhu, G.; Ashish, M.; Ajay, S. Biomass as source for hydrochar and biochar production to recover phosphates from wastewater: A review on challenges, commercialization, and future perspectives. Chemosphere 2022, 286, 131490,  DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131490

    Google Scholar

    19

    Biomass as source for hydrochar and biochar production to recover phosphates from wastewater: A review on challenges, commercialization, and future perspectives

    Shyam, Sivaprasad; Arun, Jayaseelan; Gopinath, Kannappan Panchamoorthy; Ribhu, Gautam; Ashish, Manandhar; Ajay, Shah

    Chemosphere (2022), 286 (Part_1), 131490CODEN: CMSHAF; ISSN:0045-6535. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    A review. Excessive phosphate run-off with total phosphorus concn. greater than 20μg P L-1 triggers the growth of harmful algal species in waterbodies and potentially leads to eutrophication. This has severe neg. implications on aquatic environment and impacts human health. The annual economic impact of harmful algal blooms is reported to be as high as 5 million for public health and com. fishery sector, 9 million for recreation/tourism sector and million for monitoring and management. Adsorption is widely considered as an effective and economic strategy to achieve extremely low concn. of phosphorus. The char produced by valorizing various waste biomasses have been gaining attention in phosphorus remediation owing to their availability, their ability to regenerate and reuse. This review paper exclusively focuses on utilizing hydrochar and biochar synthesized from waste biomass, resp., through hydrothermal carbonization and slow pyrolysis to mitigate phosphorus concn. and potential strategies for handling the spent char. The key mechanisms involved in phosphate adsorption are electrostatic interaction, ion exchange and complexation. The max. adsorption capacity of hydrochar and biochar ranges from 14-386 mg g-1 and 3-887 mg g-1, resp. Hydrochar and biochar are cost-effective alternative to com. activated carbon and spent char can be used for multiple adsorption cycles. Furthermore, extensive research studies on optimizing the feedstock, reaction and activation conditions coupled with technoeconomic anal. and life cycle assessment could pave way for commercialization of char-based adsorption technol.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3MXhs1altbrJ&md5=bc3f6306d53e109fe8e5a51d38e13d15
20. 20

    Zhang, M.; Song, G.; Gelardi, D. L.; Huang, L.; Khan, E.; Mašek, O.; Parikh, S. J.; Ok, Y. S. Evaluating biochar and its modifications for the removal of ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate in water. Water Res. 2020, 186, 116303,  DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116303

    Google Scholar

    20

    Review on evaluating biochar and its modifications for the removal of ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate in water

    Zhang, Ming; Song, Ge; Gelardi, Danielle L.; Huang, Longbin; Khan, Eakalak; Masek, Ondrej; Parikh, Sanjai J.; Ok, Yong Sik

    Water Research (2020), 186 (), 116303CODEN: WATRAG; ISSN:0043-1354. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    A review. Removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from water through the use of various sorbents is often considered an economically viable way for supplementing conventional methods. Biochar has been widely studied for its potential adsorption capabilities for sol. N and P, but the performance of different types of biochars can vary widely. In this review, we summarized the adsorption capacities of biochars in removing N (NH4-N and NO3-N) and P (PO4-P) based on the reported data, and discussed the possible mechanisms and influencing factors. In general, the NH4-N adsorption capacity of unmodified biochars is relatively low, at levels of less than 20 mg/g. This adsorption is mainly via ion exchange and/or interactions with oxygen-contg. functional groups on biochar surfaces. The affinity is even lower for NO3-N, because of electrostatic repulsion by neg. charged biochar surfaces. Pptn. of PO4-P by metals/metal oxides in biochar is the primary mechanism for PO4-P removal. Biochars modified by metals have a significantly higher capacity to remove NH4-N, NO3-N, and PO4-P than unmodified biochar, due to the change in surface charge and the increase in metal oxides on the biochar surface. Ambient conditions in the aq. phase, including temp., pH, and co-existing ions, can significantly alter the adsorption of N and P by biochars, indicating the importance of optimal processing parameters for N and P removal. However, the release of endogenous N and P from biochar to water can impede its performance, and the presence of competing ions in water poses practical challenges for the use of biochar for nutrient removal. This review demonstrates that progress is needed to improve the performance of biochars and overcome challenges before the widespread field application of biochar for N and P removal is realized.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXhs1KkurrE&md5=c439a02c86a80571a65f057a9e1a4541
21. 21

    Cui, X.; Hao, H.; He, Z.; Stoffella, P. J.; Yang, X. Pyrolysis of wetland biomass waste: potential for carbon sequestration and water remediation. Journal of environmental management 2016, 173, 95– 104,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.049

    Google Scholar

    21

    Pyrolysis of wetland biomass waste: Potential for carbon sequestration and water remediation

    Cui, Xiaoqiang; Hao, Hulin; He, Zhenli; Stoffella, Peter J.; Yang, Xiaoe

    Journal of Environmental Management (2016), 173 (), 95-104CODEN: JEVMAW; ISSN:0301-4797. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Management of biomass waste is crucial to the efficiency and sustainable operation of constructed wetlands. In this study, biochars were prepd. using the biomass of 22 plant species from constructed wetlands and characterized by BET-N2 surface area anal., FTIR, TGA, SEM, EDS, and elemental compns. anal. Biochar yields ranged from 32.78 to 49.02%, with mesopores dominating the pore structure of most biochars. The biochars had a R50 recalcitrance index of class C and the carbon sequestration potential of 19.4-28%. The aquatic plant biomass from all the Chinese constructed wetlands if made into biochars has the potential to sequester 11.48 Mt carbon yr-1 in soils over long time periods, which could offset 0.4% of annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion in China. In terms of adsorption capacity for selected pollutants, biochar derived from Canna indica plant had the greatest adsorption capacity for Cd2+ (98.55 mg g-1) and NH+4 (7.71 mg g-1). Whereas for PO3-4, Hydrocotyle verticillata derived biochar showed the greatest adsorption capacities (2.91 mg g-1). The results from this present study demonstrated that wetland plants are valuable feedstocks for producing biochars with potential application for carbon sequestration and contaminant removal in water remediation.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC28XktV2ku7o%253D&md5=348192d387627bd045363894a1ed33fc
22. 22

    Garlapalli, R. K.; Wirth, B.; Reza, M. T. Pyrolysis of hydrochar from digestate: Effect of hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis temperatures on pyrochar formation. Bioresource technology 2016, 220, 168– 174,  DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.071

    Google Scholar

    22

    Pyrolysis of hydrochar from digestate: Effect of hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis temperatures on pyrochar formation

    Garlapalli, Ravinder K.; Wirth, Benjamin; Reza, M. Toufiq

    Bioresource Technology (2016), 220 (), 168-174CODEN: BIRTEB; ISSN:0960-8524. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Digestate from anaerobic digestion of biomass often contains more than 90% of water, which is economically unfavorable for pyrolysis. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has potential to treat very wet biomass, however, the hydrochar may be acidic, contains polycyclic arom. hydrocarbons (PAH) and toxic org. substances (e.g., phenolic compds.), and has very low Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. In this study, pyrolysis of digestate derived hydrochar is performed at various pyrolysis and HTC temps. Solid chars were characterized for elemental anal., pH, PAH, BET, pore size and vol., and phenolic substances, while HTC process liqs. were characterized for pH, org. acids, furfural derivs., and phenolic substances. Physicochem. characteristics of pyro-HTC char were compared with corresponding pyrochar and hydrochar. Pyro-HTC chars produced at higher HTC (i.e., 260°C) and pyrolysis temps. (i.e., 800°C) showed highest BET surface area (63.5 m2 g-1), no PAH, relatively mild basic pH (9.34), and no phenolic compds.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC28XhsVSrt7bI&md5=a0d759f1e58cb9327696e38a3dbbeab0
23. 23

    Qiao, Y.; Zhang, S.; Quan, C.; Gao, N.; Johnston, C.; Wu, C. One-pot synthesis of digestate-derived biochar for carbon dioxide capture. Fuel 2020, 279, 118525,  DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118525

    Google Scholar

    23

    One-pot synthesis of digestate-derived biochar for carbon dioxide capture

    Qiao, Yuanting; Zhang, Shuming; Quan, Cui; Gao, Ningbo; Johnston, Chris; Wu, Chunfei

    Fuel (2020), 279 (), 118525CODEN: FUELAC; ISSN:0016-2361. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is a very common waste produced by European biogas plants and its current method of reuse is as a fertilizer or as soil amendment. This in turn however gives rise to some other environmental concerns which include greenhouse gas emissions and volatilization of NH3 causing NH3 pollution. Biochar is an environmentally friendly and low-cost product for CO2 capture and sequestration. Thus, the authors provided one simple method to convert AD digestate into biochar-based sorbents of CO2. The N-functionalised porous C was reported to be effective in improving the uptake of CO2. However, most of them were prepd. using multiple steps. N-doped biochar was prepd. by a 1-step method of modifying AD digestate by urea. The addn. of N can increase CO2 uptake significantly. Thus, the adsorbent modified by urea with a ratio of 1:1 results in the highest CO2 uptake capacity (1.22 mmol g-1), indicating digestate's potential application for C capture and storage.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXhtlSgsrfP&md5=26443a69740072f6e87acbe5617108b8
24. 24

    Bustamante, M.; Alburquerque, J.; Restrepo, A.; De la Fuente, C.; Paredes, C.; Moral, R.; Bernal, M. Co-composting of the solid fraction of anaerobic digestates, to obtain added-value materials for use in agriculture. Biomass and bioenergy 2012, 43, 26– 35,  DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.04.010

    Google Scholar

    24

    Co-composting of the solid fraction of anaerobic digestates, to obtain added-value materials for use in agriculture

    Bustamante, M. A.; Alburquerque, J. A.; Restrepo, A. P.; de la Fuente, C.; Paredes, C.; Moral, R.; Bernal, M. P.

    Biomass and Bioenergy (2012), 43 (), 26-35CODEN: BMSBEO; ISSN:0961-9534. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    This work focuses on the viability of composting for the recycling of digestates, to obtain added-value org. materials with potential use in agriculture. Mixts. made from the solid fraction of a digestate (obtained from the anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and silage), with or without vine shoot prunings as bulking agent, were composted by the Rutgers composting system. During composting, the temp. of the composting piles was monitored, as were physico-chem., chem., and maturity parameters. Potential added-value properties of the final composts, such as their phys. characteristics and in vitro suppression of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, were detd. The bulking agent had a pos. effect, reducing the elec. cond. and the N losses during composting and also dilg. the heavy metal contents of the end-products. The composts obtained showed adequate degrees of stability and maturity, suitable phys. properties for use as growing media, and suppression of F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC38Xnt12ltrg%253D&md5=2d7d6ff172e4a21f3682824439d9cee4
25. 25

    Cao, Z.; Jung, D.; Olszewski, M. P.; Arauzo, P. J.; Kruse, A. Hydrothermal carbonization of biogas digestate: Effect of digestate origin and process conditions. Waste Management 2019, 100, 138– 150,  DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.09.009

    Google Scholar

    25

    Hydrothermal carbonization of biogas digestate: Effect of digestate origin and process conditions

    Cao, Zebin; Jung, Dennis; Olszewski, Maciej P.; Arauzo, Pablo J.; Kruse, Andrea

    Waste Management (Oxford, United Kingdom) (2019), 100 (), 138-150CODEN: WAMAE2; ISSN:0956-053X. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) solids were produced in a 250-mL batch reactor from three different digestates at varying temps. (170, 190, 210, 230, and 250°C) and 2 and 5 h reaction time. Three potential feedstocks of biogas plants were tested: org. household waste, cow manure, and energy crops. The proximate compn., elemental compn., heating values, and thermal stability of the HTC solids were characterized. The dry ash-free basis yields and carbon recovery of HTC solids decreased with increasing HTC temp. and time. The HTC solids from energy crop digestate had the highest yields (dry ash-free basis) except at the temp. of 250°C. Increased HTC severity was found to have a pos. effect on the dry basis carbon content and leads to a higher heating values (HHV) of cow manure digestate HTC solids. The preferred reaction condition for org. household waste digestate and energy crop digestate HTC solids was found to be 210°C for 5 h, because of the highest HHV (dry basis) and the overall combustion performance was reached. Enhancing HTC temp. increased the peak intensity of functional groups of cow manure digestate HTC solids. SEM imaging showed the fibrous structure of the plants from the digestates was mostly deconstructed at 250°C-5 h. Exptl. results indicated that both digestate origin and HTC condition influenced the properties of the HTC solids.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXhvVSnu7jF&md5=64addfbf520fe204947c6288743a32e9
26. 26

    Ronga, D.; Caradonia, F.; Parisi, M.; Bezzi, G.; Parisi, B.; Allesina, G.; Pedrazzi, S.; Francia, E. Using digestate and biochar as fertilizers to improve processing tomato production sustainability. Agronomy 2020, 10 (1), 138,  DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10010138

    Google Scholar

    26

    Using digestate and biochar as fertilizers to improve processing tomato production sustainability

    Ronga, Domenico; Caradonia, Federica; Parisi, Mario; Bezzi, Guido; Parisi, Bruno; Allesina, Giulio; Pedrazzi, Simone; Francia, Enrico

    Agronomy (Basel, Switzerland) (2020), 10 (1), 138CODEN: ABSGGL; ISSN:2073-4395. (MDPI AG)

    The principal goal of the org. farming system (OFS) is to develop enterprises that are sustainable and harmonious with the environment. Unfortunately, the OFS yields fewer products per land than the non-org. farming system in many agricultural products. The objective of our study was to assess the effects of digestate and biochar fertilizers on yield and fruit quality of processing tomato produced under the OFS. The expt. was carried out in Po Valley, during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Liq. digestate (LD), LD + biochar (LD + BC) and pelleted digestate (PD) were evaluated and compared to biochar (BC) application and unfertilized control. The results showed that plants fertilized with LD + BC recorded the max. marketable yield (72 t ha-1), followed by BC (67 t ha-1), PD (64 t ha-1) and LD (59 t ha-1); while the lowest prodn. (47 t ha-1) was recorded in unfertilized plants. Over the two cropping seasons, LD + BC, BC, PD, and LD, increased fruit no. per plant (+15%), fruit wt. (+24%), Brix t ha-1 (+41%) and reduced Bostwick index (-16%), if compared to the untreated control. Considering the overall agronomic performances, digestate and biochar can be useful options for increasing yield and quality of processing tomato prodn. in the OFS. Hence, these fertilizers can be assessed in future research both on other crops and farming systems.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXhsVSht73O&md5=e8b2e7b921672f61df8ff9541c5de788
27. 27

    Ambaye, T. G.; Rene, E. R.; Dupont, C.; Wongrod, S.; Van Hullebusch, E. D. Anaerobic digestion of fruit waste mixed with sewage sludge digestate biochar: influence on biomethane production. Front. Energy Res. 2020, 8, 31,  DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2020.00031

    Google Scholar

    There is no corresponding record for this reference.
28. 28

    Rodríguez Alberto, D.; Tyler, A. C.; Trabold, T. A. Phosphate adsorption using biochar derived from solid digestate. Bioresour. Technol. Rep. 2021, 16, 100864,  DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100864

    Google Scholar

    28

    Phosphate adsorption using biochar derived from solid digestate

    Rodriguez Alberto, Diana; Tyler, Anna Christina; Trabold, Thomas A.

    Bioresource Technology Reports (2021), 16 (), 100864CODEN: BTRICJ; ISSN:2589-014X. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and manure is an increasingly common waste management strategy. However, current disposal alternatives for the resulting effluent, "digestate", can lead to nutrient run-off and cause surface and groundwater contamination. Biochar made from the solid fraction of digestate was used to recover nutrients present in the liq. fraction of the same effluent stream. Biochar produced from solid digestate at three different temps. (500, 800 and 1000 °C) was characterized and evaluated for adsorption of phosphate in soln. and from liq. digestate. Pyrolysis temp. was neg. related to yield. However, higher processing temps. (800 °C-1000 °C) are preferred due to better soil stability and phosphate adsorption capacity. Addnl. anal. to det. the potential to replicate this process at scale concluded that the amt. of solid digestate biochar produced is sufficient to adsorb approx. 20% of the total phosphate present in the liq. fraction of the digestate.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB38Xhtl2ksbjN&md5=bbedeeed9e708e33c7ad2ba0aeb2c021
29. 29

    Gong, Y.-P.; Ni, Z.-Y.; Xiong, Z.-Z.; Cheng, L.-H.; Xu, X.-H. Phosphate and ammonium adsorption of the modified biochar based on Phragmites australis after phytoremediation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24 (9), 8326– 8335,  DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8499-2

    Google Scholar

    29

    Phosphate and ammonium adsorption of the modified biochar based on Phragmites australis after phytoremediation

    Gong, Yu-Peng; Ni, Zhi-Yi; Xiong, Zhao-Zhao; Cheng, Li-Hua; Xu, Xin-Hua

    Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2017), 24 (9), 8326-8335CODEN: ESPLEC; ISSN:0944-1344. (Springer)

    To effectively remove N and P from eutrophic water, the Phragmites australis after phytoremediation was harvested for prepn. of modified biochar. The MgCl2-modified biochar (MPB) was successfully synthesized at 600°C under N2 circumstance. The physiochem. characteristics, the adsorption capacity for N and P in the simulated soln., and their adsorption mechanism of MPB were then detd., followed by the treatment of eutrophic water of Tai lake and its inflow river from agricultural source. The results demonstrated that the MPB presented high adsorption capacity to both simulated NH4-N and PO4-P with the max. adsorption capacity exceeding 30 and 100 mg g-1, resp. The entire ammonium adsorption process could be described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model whereas the phosphate adsorption process could be divided into three phases, as described by both intra-particle diffusion model and the pseudo-first-order kinetic. It was further found that the dominant mechanism for ammonium adsorption was Mg2+ exchange instead of functional groups and surface areas and the Mg-P pptn. was the main mechanism for phosphate adsorption. The MPB also showed high removal ratio of practical TP which reached nearly 90% for both the water in Tai lake and its agricultural source. It suggested that MPB based on harvested P. australis was a promising composite for eutrophic water treatment and it could deliver multiple benefits.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC2sXisVCisbg%253D&md5=0c88b140b77812ef483e06df2886b54e
30. 30

    Almanassra, I. W.; Mckay, G.; Kochkodan, V.; Ali Atieh, M.; Al-Ansari, T. A state of the art review on phosphate removal from water by biochars. Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 409, 128211,  DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.128211

    Google Scholar

    30

    A state of the art review on phosphate removal from water by biochars

    Almanassra, Ismail W.; Mckay, Gordon; Kochkodan, Viktor; Ali Atieh, Muataz; Al-Ansari, Tareq

    Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2021), 409 (), 128211CODEN: CMEJAJ; ISSN:1385-8947. (Elsevier B.V.)

    A review. In the last decade, biochar (BC) has attracted significant attention for the removal of pollutants from aq. solns. Biochar exhibits many distinctive characteristics that make it an attractive adsorbent due to its availability, low manufg. cost and compelling surface properties. This presents a comprehensive summary of BC's application in phosphate remediation. Adsorption isotherm, kinetics, exptl. conditions and the effect of different adsorption parameters on phosphate removal are outlined. The adsorption mechanisms, effect of coexisting ions, desorption studies and reuse of exhausted BCs are also considered. The results demonstrate that unmodified BCs possess low phosphate sorption capacity with the exception of BCs with high minerals content. As such, engineered BCs by decoration with different elements have been shown to alter the surface characteristics of the adsorbents such as surface charge, surface area, pore diam., pore vol. and the surface functional groups. Therefore, the phosphate sorption capacity of modified BCs has been significantly improved compared to unmodified adsorbents. Magnesium, aluminum, calcium and lanthanum were of significant interests for BC decoration due to their high affinity toward phosphate ions. Iron has been also widely used in BC composites for increasing the adsorption capacity of phosphate, in addn. to providing an opportunity for magnetic recovery of the adsorbent. Based on this , future research for BC applications in terms of phosphate removal is also discussed.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXislWmsrnJ&md5=da61abb91eb67981de4f128fae5e5c76
31. 31

    Ippolito, J. A.; Spokas, K. A.; Novak, J. M.; Lentz, R. D.; Cantrell, K. B. Biochar elemental composition and factors influencing nutrient retention. In Biochar for Environmental Management: Science, Technology and Implementation; Lehmann, J., Joseph, S., Eds.; Routledge, 2015; pp 139– 163.

    Google Scholar

    There is no corresponding record for this reference.
32. 32

    Shen, Y.; Linville, J. L.; Ignacio-de Leon, P. A. A.; Schoene, R. P.; Urgun-Demirtas, M. Towards a sustainable paradigm of waste-to-energy process: Enhanced anaerobic digestion of sludge with woody biochar. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 135, 1054– 1064,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.144

    Google Scholar

    32

    Towards a sustainable paradigm of waste-to-energy process: Enhanced anaerobic digestion of sludge with woody biochar

    Shen, Yanwen; Linville, Jessica L.; Ignacio-de Leon, Patricia Anne A.; Schoene, Robin P.; Urgun-Demirtas, Meltem

    Journal of Cleaner Production (2016), 135 (), 1054-1064CODEN: JCROE8; ISSN:0959-6526. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    This study presents an integrated waste-to-energy process, using two waste streams, sludge generated from the municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and biochar generated from the biomass gasification systems, to produce fungible biomethane and nutrient-rich digestate with fertilizer value. Two woody biochar, namely pinewood (PBC) and white oak biochar (WOBC) were used as additives during anaerobic digestion (AD) of WWTP sludge to enhance methane prodn. at mesophilic and thermophilic temps. The PBC and WOBC have porous structure, large surface area and desirable chem. properties to be used as AD amendment material to sequester CO2 from biogas in the digester. The biochar-amended digesters achieved av. methane content in biogas of up to 92.3% and 79.0%, corresponding to CO2 sequestration by up to 66.2% and 32.4% during mesophilic and thermophilic AD, resp. Biochar addn. enhanced process stability by increasing the alky., but inhibitory effects were obsd. at high dosage. It also alleviated free ammonia inhibition by up to 10.5%. The biochar-amended digesters generated digestate rich in macro- and micronutrients including K (up to 300 m/L), Ca (up to 750 mg/L), Mg (up to 1800 mg/L) and Fe (up to 390 mg/L), making biochar-amended digestate a potential alternative used as agricultural lime fertilizer.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC28Xht1SlsLbE&md5=c62fb1634bce9668574c33b98557ef46
33. 33

    Han, J.; Li, W.; Liu, D.; Qin, L.; Chen, W.; Xing, F. Pyrolysis characteristic and mechanism of waste tyre: A thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry analysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2018, 129, 1– 5,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2017.12.016

    Google Scholar

    33

    Pyrolysis characteristic and mechanism of waste tyre: A thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry analysis

    Han, Jun; Li, Wei; Liu, Dongyi; Qin, Linbo; Chen, Wangsheng; Xing, Futang

    Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis (2018), 129 (), 1-5CODEN: JAAPDD; ISSN:0165-2370. (Elsevier B.V.)

    In this study, waste tire pyrolysis characteristic was investigated by a thermogravimetric analyzer combined with a mass spectrometer (MS). At the same time, the functional groups at the surface of residue char were also characterized by a Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) spectrometer. The main components of the gas evolved from tire pyrolysis process were H2O, CO, CO2, and hydrocarbon. According to MS and thermogravimetric (TG) curves, tire pyrolysis could be divided into four stages. The first stage was due to water vaporization and plasticizer decompn. at the temp. below 320°C. The secondary stage was attributed to natural rubber decompn. at 320-400°C, and the third stage was related to the decompn. of synthetic rubber, which took place at 400-520°C. The fourth stage was occurred above 520°C. The variation of the functional groups on the residue char analyzed by FTIR also proved the above assumption.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1cXksFSksA%253D%253D&md5=219d3133b1ba12e28dccdb79a40d14b8

    Wang, M.; Zhang, L.; Li, A.; Irfan, M.; Du, Y.; Di, W. Comparative pyrolysis behaviors of tire tread and side wall from waste tire and characterization of the resulting chars. Journal of environmental management 2019, 232, 364– 371,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.091

    Google Scholar

    33

    Comparative pyrolysis behaviors of tire tread and side wall from waste tire and characterization of the resulting chars

    Wang, Mengya; Zhang, Lei; Li, Aimin; Irfan, Muhammad; Du, Yanping; Di, Weiqiang

    Journal of Environmental Management (2019), 232 (), 364-371CODEN: JEVMAW; ISSN:0301-4797. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    In this study, tire tread (TT) and side wall (SW) of waste tire were sep. used as feedstocks for pyrolysis treatment, and the resulting chars were thoroughly characterized to exploit the potential applications. Analytic results show that the SW contained higher fixed carbon (27.55%) and carbon content (82.30%) than those of TT (15.21% and 56.56% resp.). TGA results indicated that 400-600°C is the main decompn. temp. range for both feeds. The char yields showed a declining trend and stabilized at 500°C, and higher char yield of TT was achieved than that of SW. Meanwhile, the chars from TT showed a high surface area (121.47 m2/g) than that of SW (44.72 m2/g), which could be a good adsorbent or an activated carbon precursor. FT-IR results showed that leading surface functional group of TT-500 was C-O/C-O-C from alcs., ketones or ether, whereas SW-500 from phenols, alcs. and carboxylic acids. When compared with com. products, SW-500 showed better properties than those of a carbon black (N660, 10μm) in terms of carbon quality and ash content. This study suggested that by pyrolyzing the distinct sections of the waste tire is a promising approach to produce chars for more specific applications.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1cXitl2isL7O&md5=9479e207e1a4cf5ef6c3840470ad23fd
34. 34

    Tian, Y.; Liu, P.; Wang, X.; Zhong, G.; Chen, G. Offgas analysis and pyrolysis mechanism of activated carbon from bamboo sawdust by chemical activation with KOH. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 2011, 26 (1), 10– 14,  DOI: 10.1007/s11595-011-0157-9

    Google Scholar

    34

    Offgas analysis and pyrolysis mechanism of activated carbon from bamboo sawdust by chemical activation with KOH

    Tian, Yong; Liu, Ping; Wang, Xiufang; Zhong, Guoying; Chen, Guanke

    Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, Materials Science Edition (2011), 26 (1), 10-14CODEN: JWUTE8; ISSN:1000-2413. (Wuhan University of Technology)

    Bamboo sawdust was used as the precursor for the multipurpose use of waste. Offgases released during the activation process of bamboo by KOH were studied quant. and qual. by a gas analyzer. TG/DTG curves during the pyrolysis process with different impregnation wt. ratios (KOH to bamboo) were obtained by a thermogravimetric analyzer. Pyrolysis mechanism of bamboo was proposed. The offgases were composed of CO, NO, SO2 and hydrocarbon with the concn. of 1,372, 37, 86, 215 mg/L, resp. TGA indicated that the pyrolytic process mainly experienced 2 steps. The 1st was the low temp. activation step (<300°), which was the pre-activation and induction period. The 2nd was the high temp. activation step(higher than 550°), which was a radial activation followed by pore prodn. The 2nd process was the key to control the pore distribution of the final product.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC3MXjtFamsL4%253D&md5=0e4c441d6451d730a52ffd79ba5b79d8
35. 35

    Gao, X.; Yang, S.; Hu, L.; Cai, S.; Wu, L.; Kawi, S. Carbonaceous materials as adsorbents for CO2 capture: synthesis and modification. Carbon Capture Science & Technology 2022, 3, 100039,  DOI: 10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100039

    Google Scholar

    35

    Carbonaceous materials as adsorbents for CO2 capture: synthesis and modification

    Gao, Xingyuan; Yang, Shiting; Hu, Lifen; Cai, Shiyi; Wu, Liqing; Kawi, Sibudjing

    Carbon Capture Science & Technology (2022), 3 (), 100039CODEN: CCSTDI; ISSN:2772-6568. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Greenhouse effects and global warming mainly result from the CO2 generation by rapid industrialization and economic development. Exploitation of highly efficient and robust carbon-based adsorbents benefits the redn. of CO2. In this review, several representative carbonaceous materials (e.g., activated carbons, coal-derived carbons, polymer-derived carbons, metal-org. frameworks-derived carbons, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxides and carbon aerogels) as CO2 adsorbents are discussed comprehensively, including the carbonization (e.g., pyrolysis, hydrothermal treatment), activation (e.g., phys. and chem. treatment) and modification (e.g., doping and heterostructure) process. The synthesis-structure-performance relationships are elucidated in depth. Finally, the conclusive remarks and future works are also proposed.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB38XitVGhur%252FI&md5=e1e06d026e8490906d4b152f6204fc8b
36. 36

    Madzaki, H.; KarimGhani, W. A. W. A.B.; NurZalikhaRebitanim; AzilBahariAlias Carbon dioxide adsorption on sawdust biochar. Procedia Eng. 2016, 148, 718– 725,  DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.591

    Google Scholar

    36

    Carbon Dioxide Adsorption on Sawdust Biochar

    Madzaki, Hazimah; KarimGhani, Wan Azlina Wan A. B.; NurZalikhaRebitanim; AzilBahariAlias

    Procedia Engineering (2016), 148 (), 718-725CODEN: PERNBE; ISSN:1877-7058. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Biochar has been acknowledged for its unique property which makes it potential candidates as adsorbent for carbon dioxide (CO2) in the flue gas system. In this study, the properties of raw sawdust biochar (SB) and amine treated sawdust biochar (NSB) are being compared. Ultimate anal. was performed using elemental analyzer to det. the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur contents in the adsorbent. Physiochem. characterization has been performed to characterize the biochar properties. Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were used to evaluate the functional groups and surface area of the biochar. Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to discover the thermal properties, reactivity during adsorption. During the adsorption study, it was obsd. that raw sawdust biochar gasified at 850 °C gave the highest adsorption of 0.47 kg CO2/kg biochar at temp. of 30 °C. The incorporation of nitrogen functionalities onto the carbon surface may cause decrement of surface area of carbon.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC28Xht1Siu7nN&md5=a860351996377ec5f98916bf14933521
37. 37

    He, P.; Yu, Q.; Zhang, H.; Shao, L.; Lü, F. Removal of copper (II) by biochar mediated by dissolved organic matter. Sci. Rep. 2017, 7 (1), 1– 10,  DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07507-y

    Google Scholar

    37

    Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Associated Factors among Multi-ethnic Adults in Rural Areas in Xinjiang, China

    Guo, Heng; Gao, Xiang; Ma, Rulin; Liu, Jiaming; Ding, Yusong; Zhang, Mei; Zhang, Jingyu; Mu, Lati; He, Jia; Yan, Yizhong; Ma, Jiaolong; Guo, Shuxia; Wei, Sheng

    Scientific Reports (2017), 7 (1), 1-9CODEN: SRCEC3; ISSN:2045-2322. (Nature Research)

    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a global public health problem affecting all nations and races. Few studies on the epidemic of metabolic syndrome (MetS) examd. multi-ethnic adults in rural areas in Xinjiang, China. We thus investigated the prevalence and risk factors of MetS there. A cross-sectional study was performed in a representative sample of 15020 rural multi-ethnic adults from 2009 to 2010. Four widely used criteria (ATPIII\IDF\JIS\CDS) were used to measure the prevalence of MetS. Multiple logistic regression anal. was used to explore the risk factors of MetS. The age-adjusted prevalence of MetS was 14.43%, 21.33%, 26.50%, and 19.89% based on the ATP III, IDF, JIS and CDS criterion, resp. The prevalence of MetS was higher in women and increased with age. According to JIS criterion, the prevalence of components in MetS was 57.75% for abdominal obesity, 44.05% for elevated blood pressure, 40.98% for reduced HDL-cholesterol, 23.33% for elevated triglycerides, 18.95% for raised fasting plasma glucose. Lower consumption of vegetables, milk, and higher consumption of red meat were assocd. with higher likelihood of having MetS. The prevalence of MetS in Xinjiang rural multi-ethnic adults was high. Diet factors were assocd. with the prevalence of MetS.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXhslKiur8%253D&md5=1a7d8731c83624728951ebbfddae3077
38. 38

    Wang, Z.; Shen, D.; Shen, F.; Li, T. Phosphate adsorption on lanthanum loaded biochar. Chemosphere 2016, 150, 1– 7,  DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.004

    Google Scholar

    38

    Phosphate adsorption on lanthanum loaded biochar

    Wang, Zhanghong; Shen, Dekui; Shen, Fei; Li, Tianyu

    Chemosphere (2016), 150 (), 1-7CODEN: CMSHAF; ISSN:0045-6535. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    To attain a low-cost and high-efficient phosphate adsorbent, lanthanum (La) loaded biochar (La-BC) prepd. by a chem. pptn. method was developed. La-BC and its pristine biochar (CK-BC) were comparatively characterized using zeta potential, BET surface area, SEM/energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), XPS and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR). The adsorption ability and the mechanisms during adsorption process for the La-BC samples were also investigated. La loaded on the surface of biochar can be termed as La-composites (such as LaOOH, LaONO3 and La(OH)3), leading to the decrease of neg. charge and surface area of biochar. La-BC exhibited the high adsorption capacity to phosphate compared to CK-BC. Adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetic studies showed that the Langmuir isotherm and second order model could well describe the adsorption process of La-BC, indicating that the adsorption was dominated by a homogeneous and chem. process. The calcd. max. adsorption capacity was as high as 46.37 mg g-1 (computed in P). Thermodn. anal. revealed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. SEM, XRD, XPS and FT-IR anal. suggested that the multi-adsorption mechanisms including pptn., ligand exchange and complexation interactions can be evidenced during the phosphate adsorption process by La-composites in La-BC.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC28Xitl2it7o%253D&md5=fe5d475775a317632446ac432d64d457
39. 39

    Jung, K.-W.; Hwang, M.-J.; Ahn, K.-H.; Ok, Y.-S. Kinetic study on phosphate removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from peanut shell as renewable adsorptive media. International journal of environmental science and technology 2015, 12 (10), 3363– 3372,  DOI: 10.1007/s13762-015-0766-5

    Google Scholar

    39

    Kinetic study on phosphate removal from aqueous solution by biochar derived from peanut shell as renewable adsorptive media

    Jung, K.-W.; Hwang, M.-J.; Ahn, K.-H.; Ok, Y.-S.

    International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (2015), 12 (10), 3363-3372CODEN: IJESHU; ISSN:1735-1472. (Springer)

    As an alternative strategy for phosphate removal, biochar (black carbon) has characteristics superior to those of widely used adsorptive media, from both economic and environmental points of view. In this study, various types of biochar derived from oak wood, bamboo wood, maize residue, soybean stover, and peanut shell were tested for evaluation of phosphate removal. After 24 h of reaction time, the phosphate removal was limited (2.0-9.4 %) in case of general adsorptive media. However, interestingly, among various biochars, peanut shell-derived biochar (PSB) exhibited the best performance, showing the highest phosphate removal rate, 61.3 % (3.8 mg PO4-P g PSB-1). We attribute this high value to the proper structural properties of PSB, such as BET-sp. surface area of 348.96 m2 g-1 and mineral/phosphorus ratio (Mg/P = 3.46 and Ca/P = 47.6). Adsorption equil. and kinetics of phosphate at different temp. (10, 20, and 30 °C) were well explained in the whole exptl. region by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, resp. The max. adsorption capacity of PSB was 6.79 mg g-1 for phosphate at 30 °C. These findings suggest that PSB has great potential as an alternative and renewable adsorptive media for phosphate removal.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC2MXit1GjtrY%253D&md5=2826c22ac267d8af2a68c1822acd414c
40. 40

    Suresh Kumar, P.; Prot, T.; Korving, L.; Keesman, K. J.; Dugulan, I.; van Loosdrecht, M. C.M.; Witkamp, G.-J. Effect of pore size distribution on iron oxide coated granular activated carbons for phosphate adsorption-Importance of mesopores. Chem. Eng. J. 2017, 326, 231– 239,  DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.05.147

    Google Scholar

    40

    Effect of pore size distribution on iron oxide coated granular activated carbons for phosphate adsorption - Importance of mesopores

    Suresh Kumar, Prashanth; Prot, Thomas; Korving, Leon; Keesman, Karel J.; Dugulan, Iulian; van Loosdrecht, Mark C. M.; Witkamp, Geert-Jan

    Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2017), 326 (), 231-239CODEN: CMEJAJ; ISSN:1385-8947. (Elsevier B.V.)

    Adsorption is often suggested for to reach very low phosphate levels in municipal wastewater effluent and even to recover phosphate. Adsorbent performance is usually assocd. with surface area but the exact role of the pore size distribution (PSD) is unclear. Here, we show the effect of the PSD on phosphate adsorption. Granular activated carbons (GACs) with varying PSDs were treated with potassium permanganate followed by reaction with ferric chloride to form iron oxide coated GACs (Fe-GACs). Energy dispersive X-ray and kinetics expts. confirmed that manganese anchored on the GAC is important for subsequent iron attachment. Mossbauer spectroscopy showed presence of ferrihydrite in Fe-GAC. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the iron oxide particles are not present in the micropores of the GACs. Phosphate adsorption isotherms were performed with the Fe-GACs and adsorption at lower phosphate concns. correlated with the porous area of >3 nm of the adsorbents, a high fraction of which is contributed by mesopores. These results show that high surface areas of GACs resulting from micropores do not contribute to adsorption at low phosphate concns. This can be explained by the micropores being difficult to coat with iron oxide nanoparticles, but in addn. the diffusion of phosphate into these pores could also be hindered. It is therefore recommended to use backbones having high mesoporous areas. This information is useful for developing adsorbents particularly for applications treating low phosphate concns., for e.g. in municipal wastewater effluent polishing.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC2sXptVajsbk%253D&md5=6ca17fccb0cfb02c795457a5431efccd
41. 41

    Akhil, D.; Lakshmi, D.; Kartik, A.; Vo, D.-V. N.; Arun, J.; Gopinath, K. P. Production, characterization, activation and environmental applications of engineered biochar: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters 2021, 19 (3), 2261– 2297,  DOI: 10.1007/s10311-020-01167-7

    Google Scholar

    41

    Production, characterization, activation and environmental applications of engineered biochar: a review

    Akhil, Dilipkumar; Lakshmi, Divya; Kartik, Ashokkumar; Vo, Dai-Viet N.; Arun, Jayaseelan; Gopinath, Kannappan Panachamoorthy

    Environmental Chemistry Letters (2021), 19 (3), 2261-2297CODEN: ECLNBJ; ISSN:1610-3653. (Springer)

    A review. Increased industrial and domestic activities have induced pollution, global warming and resources depletion, calling for advanced remediation techniques. For instance, biochar synthesized from waste materials is an ecofriendly and low-cost material for the remediation of contaminants, yet raw biochar is poorly efficient. Therefore, biochar properties can be improved by ultrasonication, metal impregnation, surfactant modification, microwave, electrochem. and plasma treatment techniques. Biochar properties include adsorption capacity, active surface area, uniform distribution of pores, chem. attributes and mech. stability. Engineered biochar thus exhibits high contaminant removal efficiency of 90-99%, tolerance to wide range of pH of 3-9 and high sp. surface area of more than 400 cm3/g. For example, modified cornstalk biochar displays mercury adsorption capacity of 269.4 mg/g. The usage of magnetic biochar allows a β-estradiol adsorption capacity of 98.8 mg/g. Engineered biochar can act as an ecofriendly soil amendment and a highly efficient tool to recover contaminants from water systems.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3MXhsVCksLs%253D&md5=6a3f0cec406f5a503e4307122a752e56
42. 42

    Wang, B.; Lian, G.; Lee, X.; Gao, B.; Li, L.; Liu, T.; Zhang, X.; Zheng, Y. Phosphogypsum as a novel modifier for distillers grains biochar removal of phosphate from water. Chemosphere 2020, 238, 124684,  DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124684

    Google Scholar

    42

    Phosphogypsum as a novel modifier for distillers grains biochar removal of phosphate from water

    Wang, Bing; Lian, Guoqi; Lee, Xinqing; Gao, Bin; Li, Ling; Liu, Taoze; Zhang, Xueyang; Zheng, Yulin

    Chemosphere (2020), 238 (), 124684CODEN: CMSHAF; ISSN:0045-6535. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    A novel biochar composite was fabricated via the pyrolysis of distillers grains treated phosphogypsum for phosphate removal from water. Batch adsorption expts. were performed on the adsorption characteristics of phosphate. Effects of pyrolysis temp., soln. pH, the dosage of adsorbent, ambient temp. on phosphate adsorption were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the optimum initial soln. pH for phosphate adsorption was 6.0, and high pyrolysis temp. was favorable for phosphate adsorption. The optimal dosage of biochar was 1.25 g L-1. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model can well explain the adsorption kinetics, indicative of the energetically heterogeneous solid surface of the composite. The max. phosphate adsorption capacity of the phosphogypsum modified biochar obtained from Langmuir isotherm reached 102.4 mg g-1 which was almost five times that of distillers grains biochar alone (21.5 mg g-1). The mechanism is mainly attributed to electrostatic adsorption, surface pptn. and ligand exchange. The ideal adsorption performance indicated that biochar supported phosphogypsum can be used as high-quality adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater treatment.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXhslWgu7fO&md5=d0d89d70d52f17212b8fc2a463ad8a26
43. 43

    Liu, J.; Ren, S.; Cao, J.; Tsang, D. C.; Beiyuan, J.; Peng, Y.; Fang, F.; She, J.; Yin, M.; Shen, N. Highly efficient removal of thallium in wastewater by MnFe2O4-biochar composite. J. Hazard. Mater. 2021, 401, 123311,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123311

    Google Scholar

    43

    Highly efficient removal of thallium in wastewater by MnFe2O4-biochar composite

    Liu, Juan; Ren, Shixing; Cao, Jielong; Tsang, Daniel C. W.; Beiyuan, Jingzi; Peng, Yutao; Fang, Fa; She, Jingye; Yin, Meiling; Shen, Nengping; Wang, Jin

    Journal of Hazardous Materials (2021), 401 (), 123311CODEN: JHMAD9; ISSN:0304-3894. (Elsevier B.V.)

    Thallium (Tl), is a highly toxic trace metal in the natural environment. Emerging Tl pollution in waters has gradually become a global concern. However, limited removal technologies are available for Tl-contg. wastewater. Herein, MnFe2O4-biochar composite (MFBC) was successfully fabricated via copptn. method as a novel and efficient adsorbent for treating Tl(I)-contaminated wastewater. It was found that the MFBC, with a sp. surface area of 187.03 m2/g, exhibited high performance across a wide pH range of 4-11, with the superior Tl(I) removal capacity (170.55 mg/g) based on Langmuir model (pH 6.0, a dosage of 1 g/L). The removal mechanisms included phys. and chem. adsorption, ion exchange, surface complexation, and oxidn. This investigation revealed that MFBC is a promising and environmentally friendly adsorbent with a low cost, large sp. surface area, magnetic properties, and high efficiency for the removal of Tl(I) from wastewater.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXhtlGjsrnE&md5=0953483a4f7618e44a21e2ea06d6c943
44. 44

    Chien, S.; Clayton, W. Application of Elovich equation to the kinetics of phosphate release and sorption in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 1980, 44 (2), 265– 268,  DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1980.03615995004400020013x

    Google Scholar

    44

    Application of Elovich equation to the kinetics of phosphate release and sorption in soils

    Chien, S. H.; Clayton, W. R.

    Soil Science Society of America Journal (1980), 44 (2), 265-8CODEN: SSSJD4; ISSN:0361-5995.

    Exptl. data on the phosphate release and sorption in soils, when inadequately described by a 1st-order kinetic reaction, are often interpreted as a combination of two or three simultaneous first-order reactions. A simple modified Elovich equation was derived to fit the reported exptl. data in literature that failed to conform to a single 1st-order kinetic equation. The equation successfully described the data as a single straight line that covers the entire course of reaction time.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL3cXks12mtLc%253D&md5=ba5a909ef14a83df3f8eb69e047914cb
45. 45

    Yuan, X.; Xia, W.; An, J.; Yin, J.; Zhou, X.; Yang, W. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on the phosphate adsorption removal by dolomite mineral. J. Chem. 2015, 2015, 1,  DOI: 10.1155/2015/853105

    Google Scholar

    There is no corresponding record for this reference.
46. 46

    Zhang, Z.; Yan, L.; Yu, H.; Yan, T.; Li, X. Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution by vegetable biochar/layered double oxides: fast removal and mechanistic studies. Bioresour. Technol. 2019, 284, 65– 71,  DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.113

    Google Scholar

    46

    Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution by vegetable biochar/layered double oxides: Fast removal and mechanistic studies

    Zhang, Zhaoran; Yan, Liangguo; Yu, Haiqin; Yan, Tao; Li, Xuguang

    Bioresource Technology (2019), 284 (), 65-71CODEN: BIRTEB; ISSN:0960-8524. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Two biochars, from Chinese cabbage (Cc, Brassica rapa pekinensis) and rape (Ra, Brassia campestris L.), were used to prep. biochar/Mg-Al layered double oxides (LDOs) as adsorbents for phosphate removal from aq. soln. The biochar/LDOs were horizontally alternated lamellar particles and had abundant groups of oxides and biochars. The phosphate removal percentage remained above 92% at a pH range of 2-10, and above 95% during the first 5 min for 50 mg/L phosphate by 0.05 g biochar/LDOs. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, as well as by the Freundlich and Langmuir models. Based on FTIR, XPS, and zeta potential anal., the interaction mechanisms were defined as "memory effect", electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, and anion exchange. The results indicate that vegetable biochar/LDOs can be considered a novel and efficient sorbent for phosphate removal from water or wastewater.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXmt1Oqt7s%253D&md5=01695fe50fbebd7d96679903455d54d9
47. 47

    Vikrant, K.; Kim, K.-H.; Ok, Y. S.; Tsang, D. C.; Tsang, Y. F.; Giri, B. S.; Singh, R. S. Engineered/designer biochar for the removal of phosphate in water and wastewater. Sci. Total Environ. 2018, 616, 1242– 1260,  DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.193

    Google Scholar

    47

    Engineered/designer biochar for the removal of phosphate in water and wastewater

    Vikrant, Kumar; Kim, Ki-Hyun; Ok, Yong Sik; Tsang, Daniel C. W.; Tsang, Yiu Fai; Giri, Balendu Shekhar; Singh, Ram Sharan

    Science of the Total Environment (2018), 616-617 (), 1242-1260CODEN: STENDL; ISSN:0048-9697. (Elsevier B.V.)

    A review is given. During the past decade, biochar has attracted immense scientific interest for agricultural and environmental applications. A broad range of biochars with advantageous properties (e.g., high surface area, flexible architecture, and high porosity) has been developed for pollution abatement. Nevertheless, biochar suffers from certain drawbacks (e.g., limited sorption capacity for anions and poor mech. properties) that limit their practical applicability. This paper focuses on recent advancements in biochar technol., esp. with respect to its tech. aspects, the variables assocd. with removing phosphates from water, and the challenges for such abatement. The attention paid to the specific remediation of phosphate from water using biochar is limited (n =1114 - Scopus) compared to the application of biochar to other common water pollutants (n =3998 - Scopus). The subject warrants immediate rigorous research because of the undesirable effects of excess phosphate in water bodies. This paper thus facilitates the construction of a roadmap for further developments and the expansion of this challenging area of research.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC2sXhslaltLbM&md5=2024f09d5499601a154f656b267acc63
48. 48

    Nakarmi, A.; Bourdo, S. E.; Ruhl, L.; Kanel, S.; Nadagouda, M.; Kumar Alla, P.; Pavel, I.; Viswanathan, T. Benign zinc oxide betaine-modified biochar nanocomposites for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions. J. Environ. Manage 2020, 272, 111048,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111048

    Google Scholar

    48

    Benign zinc oxide betaine-modified biochar nanocomposites for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions

    Nakarmi, Amita; Bourdo, Shawn E.; Ruhl, Laura; Kanel, Sushil; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna; Kumar Alla, Praveen; Pavel, Ioana; Viswanathan, Tito

    Journal of Environmental Management (2020), 272 (), 111048CODEN: JEVMAW; ISSN:0301-4797. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Phosphate is one of the most costly and complex environmental pollutants that leads to eutrophication, which decreases water quality and access to clean water. Among different adsorbents, biochar is one of the promising adsorbents for phosphate removal as well as heavy metal removal from an aq. soln. In this study, biochar was impregnated with nano zinc oxide in the presence of glycine betaine. The Zinc Oxide Betaine-Modified Biochar Nanocomposites (ZnOBBNC) proved to be an excellent adsorbent for the removal of phosphate, exhibiting a max. adsorption capacity of phosphate (265.5 mg. g-1) and fast adsorption kinetics (∼100% removal at 15 min at 10 mg. L-1 phosphate and 3 g. L-1 nanocomposite dosage) in phosphate soln. The synthesis of these benign ZnOBBNC involves a process that is eco-friendly and economically feasible. From material characterization, we found that the ZnOBBNC has ∼20-30 nm particle size, high surface area (100.01 m2. g-1), microporous (25.79 Å) structures, and 7.64% zinc content. The influence of pH (2-10), coexisting anions (Cl-, CO2-3, NO-3 and SO3-4), initial phosphate concn. (10-500 mg. L-1), and ZnOBBNC dosage (0.5-5 g. L-1) were investigated in batch expts. From the adsorption isotherms data, the adsorption of phosphate using ZnOBBNC followed Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9616), confirming the mono-layered adsorption mechanism. The kinetic studies showed that the phosphate adsorption using ZnOBBNC followed the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 1.0000), confirming the chemisorption adsorption mechanism with inner-sphere complexion. Our results demonstrated ZnOBBNC as a suitable, competitive candidate for phosphate removal from both mock lab-prepd. and real field-collected wastewater samples when compared to com. nanocomposites.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXhtl2nsrfL&md5=b0073fcf7e4f79b085bc18dcfca81120
49. 49

    Yin, Q.; Liu, M.; Ren, H. Biochar produced from the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and walnut shell for ammonium and phosphate adsorption from water. Journal of environmental management 2019, 249, 109410,  DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109410

    Google Scholar

    49

    Biochar produced from the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and walnut shell for ammonium and phosphate adsorption from water

    Yin, Qianqian; Liu, Mengtian; Ren, Huaipu

    Journal of Environmental Management (2019), 249 (), 109410CODEN: JEVMAW; ISSN:0301-4797. (Elsevier Ltd.)

    Pyrolysis of sewage sludge to obtain biochar is an environmentally friendly method of sewage sludge utilization. In this study, sewage sludge and walnut shell were co-pyrolyzed to produce biochar, which was utilized in the adsorption of ammonium and phosphate from water. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller anal., X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, SEM, and Fourier transform IR techniques were applied to analyze the phys. and chem. properties of the biochar. The sewage sludge-based biochar consisted of rich metal oxides and functional groups, and the addn. of walnut shell was beneficial for the development of porous structure. When the mixing ratio of sewage sludge and walnut shell was 3:1, the derived biochar (MBC3-1) showed a high adsorption capacity for NH+4 in neutral or weak alk. water. Pure sewage sludge biochar (SBC) was the best option for the adsorption of PO3-4 in a wide pH range of water. The adsorption of NH+4 and v on MBC3-1 and SBC were controlled by intraparticle diffusion and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, resp. Isothermal studies indicated that multiple adsorption processes occurred in the adsorption of NH+4 and PO3-4, and the max. adsorption capacity of NH+4 and PO3-4 reached 22.85 mg/g and 303.49 mg/g on MBC3-1 and SBC, resp. Thermodn. anal. confirmed the exothermic and endothermic nature for NH+4 and PO3-4 adsorption on biochar, resp.

    >> More from SciFinder ^®

    https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXhs1eks77L&md5=d9453d73f8f6f40067595c151e916473