Green Chemistry to Valorize Seafood Side Streams: An Ecofriendly Roadmap toward SustainabilityClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Vazhiyil Venugopal*Vazhiyil Venugopal*Email: [email protected]Formerly of Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India 400085More by Vazhiyil Venugopal
- Abhilash SasidharanAbhilash SasidharanDepartment of Fish Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kerala, India 682506Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway 7491More by Abhilash Sasidharan
- Turid RustadTurid RustadDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway 7491More by Turid Rustad
Abstract
A major challenge facing sustainable seafood production is the voluminous amounts of nutrient-rich seafood side streams consisting of by-catch, processing discards, and process effluents. There is a lack of a comprehensive model for optimal valorization of the side streams. Upcoming green chemistry-based processing has the potential to recover diverse valuable compounds from seafood side streams in an ecofriendly manner. Microbial and enzymatic bioconversions form major green processes capable of releasing biomolecules from seafood matrices under mild conditions. Novel green solvents, because of their low toxicity and recyclable nature, can extract bioactive compounds. Nonthermal technologies such as ultrasound, supercritical fluid, and membrane filtration can complement green extractions. The extracted proteins, peptides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, chitin, chitosan, and others function as nutraceuticals, food supplements, additives, etc. Green processing can address environmental, economic, and technological challenges of valorization of seafood side streams, thereby supporting sustainable seafood production. Green processing can also encourage bioenergy production. Multiple green processes, integrated in a marine biorefinery, can optimize valorization on a zero-waste trade-off, for a circular blue economy. A green chemistry-based valorization framework has the potential to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations.
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