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Evaluation of Functional Spray Coatings for Mitigating the Uptake of Volatile Phenols by Pinot Noir Wine Grapes via Blocking, Absorption, and/or Adsorption
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    Chemistry and Biology of Aroma and Taste

    Evaluation of Functional Spray Coatings for Mitigating the Uptake of Volatile Phenols by Pinot Noir Wine Grapes via Blocking, Absorption, and/or Adsorption
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    • Trung T. Tran
      Trung T. Tran
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
    • Jooyeoun Jung
      Jooyeoun Jung
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
    • Lindsay Garcia
      Lindsay Garcia
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
    • Joseph Deshields
      Joseph Deshields
      Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
      Southern Oregon Research, Oregon State University, 569 Hanley Rd., Central Point, Oregon 97502, United States
    • Cole Cerrato
      Cole Cerrato
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
      More by Cole Cerrato
    • Michael H. Penner
      Michael H. Penner
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
    • Elizabeth Tomasino
      Elizabeth Tomasino
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
    • Alexander Levin
      Alexander Levin
      Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
      Southern Oregon Research, Oregon State University, 569 Hanley Rd., Central Point, Oregon 97502, United States
    • Yanyun Zhao*
      Yanyun Zhao
      Department of Food Science & Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Yanyun Zhao
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    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

    Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2023, 71, 50, 20222–20230
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05621
    Published December 6, 2023
    Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Spray coatings have shown promising potential in preventing the uptake of smoke phenols from wildfires into wine grapes. Three cellulose nanofiber-based coatings with low methoxyl pectin or varying concentrations of chitosan were made into films and their potential for blocking, absorption, or adsorption of phenols (guaiacol, m-cresol, and syringol) was evaluated using a custom-built smoke diffusion box. The coatings were also applied to Pinot noir grapes in a vineyard. GC–MS analysis for smoke phenols from headspace gases of diffusion study and extractions of films indicated that chitosan-based films can block guaiacol and syringol, and all films are able to capture m-cresol. The type of coating and application time in a vineyard did not affect (P < 0.05) physicochemical properties, size, and weight of the berries, whereas chitosan-based coatings resulted in a higher anthocyanin content of berries. This study provided new information about the key mechanisms (i.e., blocking phenols) of coatings to mitigate smoke phenol uptake in wine grapes.

    Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05621.

    • Table 1: retention times, target ions and qualifier ions for each volatile phenol (VP), and their deuterated standards; Table 2: effect of coating application time, coating suspension formulations, and washing treatment of berries on °Brix, pH, and titratable acidity of Pinot noir berries; Table 3: effect of coating application time and coating suspension formulation on the diameter and weight of Pinot noir berries; Table 4: averages and standard deviations (μg/L) of free and bound phenols from nanoscale ferments from the vineyard field trial (PDF)

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    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

    Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2023, 71, 50, 20222–20230
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05621
    Published December 6, 2023
    Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

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