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Effects of Long-Term Protein Restriction on Meat Quality, Muscle Amino Acids, and Amino Acid Transporters in Pigs

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† Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P. R. China
‡ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
§ Department of Animal Science, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
∥ Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
⊥ School of Food, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Higher Education Park in Huaian, Huaian Jiangsu Province 223005, P. R. China
# Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
*E-mail for G.L.: [email protected]
*E-mail for T.L.: [email protected]
*E-mail for Y.Y.: [email protected]
Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2017, 65, 42, 9297–9304
Publication Date (Web):October 2, 2017
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02746
Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of protein restriction from piglets to finishing pigs for 16 weeks on meat quality, muscle amino acids, and amino acid transporters. Thirty-nine piglets were randomly divided into three groups: a control (20–18–16% crude protein, CP) and two protein restricted groups (17–15–13% CP and 14–12–10% CP). The results showed that severe protein restriction (14–12–10% CP) inhibited feed intake and body weight, while moderate protein restriction (17–15–13% CP) had little effect on growth performance in pigs. Meat quality (i.e., pH, color traits, marbling, water-holding capacity, and shearing force) were tested, and the results exhibited that 14–12–10% CP treatment markedly improved muscle marbling score and increased yellowness (b*). pH value (45 min) was significantly higher in 17–15–13% CP group than that in other groups. In addition, protein restriction reduced muscle histone, arginine, valine, and isoleucine abundances and enhanced glycine and lysine concentrations compared with the control group, while the RT-PCR results showed that protein restriction downregulated amino acids transporters. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was inactivated in the moderate protein restricted group (17–15–13% CP), while severe protein restriction with dietary 14–12–10% CP markedly enhanced mTOR phosphorylation. In conclusion, long-term protein restriction affected meat quality and muscle amino acid metabolism in pigs, which might be associated with mTOR signaling pathway.

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Cited By

This article is cited by 21 publications.

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  14. Rui Li, Ling Chang, Gaifeng Hou, Zehe Song, Zhiyong Fan, Xi He, De-Xing Hou. Colonic Microbiota and Metabolites Response to Different Dietary Protein Sources in a Piglet Model. Frontiers in Nutrition 2019, 6 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00151
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  17. Defu Yu, Weiyun Zhu, Suqin Hang. Effects of Long-Term Dietary Protein Restriction on Intestinal Morphology, Digestive Enzymes, Gut Hormones, and Colonic Microbiota in Pigs. Animals 2019, 9 (4) , 180. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9040180
  18. Jie Yin, Yuying Li, Hui Han, Shuai Chen, Jing Gao, Gang Liu, Xin Wu, Jinping Deng, Qifang Yu, Xingguo Huang, Rejun Fang, Tiejun Li, Russel J. Reiter, Dong Zhang, Congrui Zhu, Guoqiang Zhu, Wenkai Ren, Yulong Yin. Melatonin reprogramming of gut microbiota improves lipid dysmetabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice. Journal of Pineal Research 2018, 65 (4) , e12524. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpi.12524
  19. Jie Yin, Wenkai Ren, Xingguo Huang, Jinping Deng, Tiejun Li, Yulong Yin. Potential Mechanisms Connecting Purine Metabolism and Cancer Therapy. Frontiers in Immunology 2018, 9 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01697
  20. Jie Yin, Wenkai Ren, Xingguo Huang, Tiejun Li, Yulong Yin. Protein restriction and cancer. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer 2018, 1869 (2) , 256-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.03.004
  21. Jie Yin, Yuying Li, Hui Han, Zhaojin Liu, Xiangfang Zeng, Tiejun Li, Yulong Yin. Long-term effects of lysine concentration on growth performance, intestinal microbiome, and metabolic profiles in a pig model. Food & Function 2018, 9 (8) , 4153-4163. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FO00973B

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