Chemical Modeling of the TMA–CO2–H2O System: A Draw Solution in Forward Osmosis for Process Water Recovery
- Georgios Kolliopoulos
- ,
- Michael Carlos
- ,
- Timothy J. Clark
- ,
- Amy M. Holland
- ,
- Ding-Yu Peng
- , and
- Vladimiros G. Papangelakis
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an innovative membrane-based process that requires limited external energy input to recover water as it relies on the spontaneous osmotic pressure gradient between a process water stream and a more concentrated solution; the latter is termed a “draw solution”. A suitable draw solution should have properties that allow its solute to be separated into recoverable products that can, in turn, be used to regenerate the initial draw solution with minimum energy requirements. These properties are crucial for the economics of the FO process because the basic energy requirement in FO arises from the separation and regeneration of the draw solution. Recently, it was proposed that such a draw solution can be an aqueous carbonated trimethylamine solution (TMAH:HCO3). In this project, the properties, i.e., composition, pH, and vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE), of the binary TMA–H2O and the ternary TMA–CO2–H2O systems were studied to generate thermodynamic data required to enable accurate speciation calculations by means of OLI-MSE software. Necessary analytical methods to measure accurately total dissolved TMA and total dissolved CO2 (within 4% error) in aqueous TMAH:HCO3 solutions were developed. Both VLE data at 50 and 60 °C and pH–composition data at 4 and 25 °C for the ternary TMA–CO2–H2O system were used to regress the missing binary interaction parameters and improve the model performance. Our resulting databank estimates total pressure (PTotal), partial pressure of TMA (PTMA), partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2), and pH, with 8, 15, 10, and 1% average absolute relative deviations (AARD), respectively.
Cited By
This article is cited by 8 publications.
- Georgios Kolliopoulos, Vladimiros G. Papangelakis. Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Separation Efficiency and Desorption Kinetics in the NH3–CO2–H2O System. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2019, 58 (27) , 12247-12252. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01699
- Georgios Kolliopoulos, Vladimiros G. Papangelakis. Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Separation Efficiency and Desorption Kinetics in the TMA-CO2-H2O System. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2018, 57 (43) , 14767-14773. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.8b03926
- Tryfon Kekes, Constantina Tzia, Georgios Kolliopoulos. Drinking and Natural Mineral Water: Treatment and Quality–Safety Assurance. Water 2023, 15 (13) , 2325. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132325
- Georgios Kolliopoulos, Jeffrey T. Martin, Vladimiros G. Papangelakis. Energy requirements in the separation-regeneration step in forward osmosis using TMA–CO2–H2O as the draw solution. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 2018, 140 , 166-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2018.10.015
- Georgios Kolliopoulos, Eric Shum, Vladimiros G. Papangelakis. Forward Osmosis and Freeze Crystallization as Low Energy Water Recovery Processes for a Water-Sustainable Industry. Environmental Processes 2018, 5 (S1) , 59-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-018-0316-5
- Lingling Xia, Jason T. Arena, Jian Ren, Kevin K. Reimund, Amy Holland, Aaron D. Wilson, Jeffrey R. McCutcheon. A trimethylamine–carbon dioxide draw solution for osmotic engines. AIChE Journal 2018, 64 (9) , 3369-3375. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.16175
- Georgios Kolliopoulos, Amy M. Holland, Vladimiros G. Papangelakis. Modeling of density and electrical conductivity of aqueous carbonated trimethylamine (TMA–CO2–H2O) solutions at 20 °C. Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 2018, 149 (2) , 453-460. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-017-2091-9
- Georgios Kolliopoulos, Vladimiros G. Papangelakis. Extraction of Water from Contaminated Effluents by Forward Osmosis. 2018, 1893-1902. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_157