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Acid-Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of 2H-Azirines with Nitrones: An Unexpected Access to 1,2,4,5-Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles

  • Anikó Angyal
    Anikó Angyal
    AVIDIN Ltd., Alsó kikötő sor 11/D, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
    Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
  • András Demjén
    András Demjén
    AVIDIN Ltd., Alsó kikötő sor 11/D, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
  • János Wölfling
    János Wölfling
    Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
  • László G. Puskás
    László G. Puskás
    AVIDIN Ltd., Alsó kikötő sor 11/D, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
  • , and 
  • Iván Kanizsai*
    Iván Kanizsai
    AVIDIN Ltd., Alsó kikötő sor 11/D, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
    *E-mail: [email protected]
Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2020, 85, 5, 3587–3595
Publication Date (Web):February 5, 2020
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.9b03288
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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    Abstract

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    The first 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2H-azirines with nitrones, a straightforward approach toward the regioselective synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles, is reported. This trifluoroacetic acid-catalyzed protocol tolerates a broad range of aliphatic and aromatic substrates, offering an efficient access to highly diverse, multisubstituted imidazoles in isolated yields up to 83% under mild conditions.

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    • Detailed optimization of the reaction conditions and copies of 1H, 13C{1H}, and 2D NMR spectra (PDF)

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    Cited By

    This article is cited by 15 publications.

    1. Yongxing Zhao, Rui Li, Qingzheng Zhao, Jinzhong Yao, Maozhong Miao. Palladium/Silver Cocatalyzed Divergent Dimerization of 2H-Azirines for Regioselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Pyrroles and Pyrimidines. Organic Letters 2023, 25 (21) , 3978-3983. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01434
    2. Hui Xu, Hong Chen, Xiao Hu, Guang Xuan, Pinhua Li, Ze Zhang. Synthesis of Fully Substituted 5-(o-Hydroxybenzoyl)imidazoles via Iodine-Promoted Domino Reaction of Aurones with Amidines. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2022, 87 (24) , 16204-16212. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.2c01680
    3. Meng Wang, Jingyi Ma, Hesong Wang, Fangpeng Hu, Bo Sun, Taiyan Tan, Minglang Li, Guosheng Huang. Brønsted acid-promoted ring-opening and annulation of thioamides and 2 H -azirines to synthesize 2,4,5-trisubstituted thiazoles. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 2023, 21 (27) , 5532-5536. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3OB00245D
    4. Yue-Ji Chen, Jie Zheng, Jun-An Ma, Fa-Guang Zhang. Radical-initiated diazo-retaining nucleophilic addition reaction of trifluorodiazoethane and diazoacetate with 2H‑azirines. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 2023, 268 , 110129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluchem.2023.110129
    5. Lodsna Borkotoky, Kaushik Bora, Ram Awatar Maurya. Visible‐Light‐Induced Multicomponent Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles. Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry 2023, 12 (5) https://doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202300146
    6. Hai Truong Nguyen, Vy Anh Truong, Phuong Hoang Tran. Preparation of polysubstituted imidazoles using AC-SO 3 H/[Urea] 7 [ZnCl 2 ] 2 as an efficient catalyst system: a novel method, and α-glucosidase inhibitor activity. RSC Advances 2023, 13 (18) , 12455-12463. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA00755C
    7. Shahab A. Darbandizadeh, Kamran Amiri, Frank Rominger, Saeed Balalaie. Synthesis of Naphthyridine and Azepine Backbones through Formal [4+3] and [4+2] Annulation via Cascade Ring‐Opening/Cyclization Reaction of 2 H ‐Azirines. European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2023, 26 (1) https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202201109
    8. Oleg V. Khazipov, Konstantin E. Shepelenko, Safarmurod B. Soliev, Ksenia A. Nikolaeva, Victor M. Chernyshev, Valentine P. Ananikov. Optimal Balance in the Catalyst Dynamics Enables C(2)−H Arylation of (Benz)imidazoles and (Benz)oxazoles by an In Situ ‐Generated Ni/NHC System. ChemCatChem 2022, 14 (24) https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202201055
    9. Pavel A. Sakharov, Nikolai V. Rostovskii, Alexander F. Khlebnikov, Mikhail S. Novikov. Copper(II)-Catalyzed (3+2) Cycloaddition of 2H-Azirines to Six-Membered Cyclic Enols as a Route to Pyrrolo[3,2-c]quinolone, Chromeno[3,4-b]pyrrole, and Naphtho[1,8-ef]indole Scaffolds. Molecules 2022, 27 (17) , 5681. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175681
    10. Seema Thakur, Arunima Das, Tapas Das. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones: synthesis of multisubstituted, diverse range of heterocyclic compounds. New Journal of Chemistry 2021, 45 (26) , 11420-11456. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ02023D
    11. Pavel А. Sakharov, Mikhail S. Novikov, Nikolai V. Rostovskii. 2H-Azirines in medicinal chemistry. Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 2021, 57 (5) , 512-521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10593-021-02934-2
    12. Chun-Ting He, Xiao-Li Han, Yan-Xue Zhang, Zhen-Ting Du, Chang-Mei Si, Bang-Guo Wei. Sc(OTf) 3 -catalyzed [3 + 2]-cycloaddition of nitrones with ynones. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 2021, 19 (2) , 457-466. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0OB02158J
    13. Larry Yet. Five-membered ring systems: with more than one N atom. 2021, 223-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-98410-2.00008-4
    14. Jonathon S. Russel. Three-membered ring systems. 2021, 29-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-98410-2.00003-5
    15. Nikolai V. Rostovskii, Alexander N. Koronatov, Pavel A. Sakharov, Anastasiya V. Agafonova, Mikhail S. Novikov, Alexander F. Khlebnikov, Elizaveta V. Rogacheva, Liudmila A. Kraeva. Azirine-containing dipeptides and depsipeptides: synthesis, transformations and antibacterial activity. Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 2020, 18 (46) , 9448-9460. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0OB02023K

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