High-Sensitivity Detection of Nanometer 1H–19F Distances for Protein Structure Determination by 1H-Detected Fast MAS NMR
- Alexander A. ShcherbakovAlexander A. ShcherbakovDepartment of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 170 Albany Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United StatesMore by Alexander A. Shcherbakov
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- Venkata Shiva MandalaVenkata Shiva MandalaDepartment of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 170 Albany Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United StatesMore by Venkata Shiva Mandala
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- Mei Hong*Mei Hong*E-mail: [email protected]Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 170 Albany Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United StatesMore by Mei Hong
Abstract

Protein structure determination by solid-state NMR requires the measurement of many interatomic distances through dipole–dipole couplings. To obtain multiple long-range distance restraints rapidly and with high sensitivity, here we demonstrate a new 1H-detected fast magic-angle-spinning NMR technique that yields many long distances in a two-dimensional (2D)-resolved fashion. The distances are measured up to ∼15 Å, with an accuracy of better than 10%, between 1H and 19F, two nuclear spins that have the highest gyromagnetic ratios. Exogenous fluorines are sparsely introduced into the aromatic residues of the protein, which is perdeuterated and back-exchanged to give amide protons. This 1H–19F distance experiment, termed 2D heteronuclear single-quantum coherence rotational-echo double-resonance (HSQC-REDOR), is demonstrated on the singly fluorinated model protein, GB1. We extracted 33 distances between 5-19F-Trp43 and backbone amide protons, using 2D spectral series that were measured in less than 3 days. Combining these 1H–19F distance restraints with 13C–19F distances and chemical shifts, we calculated a GB1 structure with a backbone root-mean-square deviation of 1.73 Å from the high-resolution structure. This 1H-detected 1H–19F distance technique promises to provide a highly efficient tool for constraining the three-dimensional structures of proteins and protein–ligand complexes, with not only precise and fast measurements but also access to truly long-range distances.
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