Lonely Atoms with Special Gifts: Breaking Linear Scaling Relationships in Heterogeneous Catalysis with Single-Atom Alloys
- Matthew T. DarbyMatthew T. DarbyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University College London, 203 Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United KingdomMore by Matthew T. Darby
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- Michail StamatakisMichail StamatakisDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University College London, 203 Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United KingdomMore by Michail Stamatakis
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- Angelos MichaelidesAngelos MichaelidesThomas Young Centre, London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United KingdomMore by Angelos Michaelides
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- E. Charles. H. Sykes*E. Charles. H. SykesDepartment of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United StatesMore by E. Charles. H. Sykes
Abstract

We discuss a simple yet effective strategy for escaping traditional linear scaling relations in heterogeneous catalysis with highly dilute bimetallic alloys known as single-atom alloys (SAAs). These systems, in which a reactive metal is atomically dispersed in a less reactive host, were first demonstrated with the techniques of surface science to be active and selective for hydrogenation reactions. Informed by these early results, PdCu and PtCu SAA nanoparticle hydrogenation catalysts were shown to work under industrially relevant conditions. To efficiently survey the many potential metal combinations and reactions, simulation is crucial for making predictions about reactivity and guiding experimental focus on the most promising candidate materials. This recent work reveals that the high surface chemical heterogeneity of SAAs can result in significant deviations from Brønsted–Evans–Polanyi scaling relationships for many key reaction steps. These recent insights into SAAs and their ability to break linear scaling relations motivate discovery of novel alloy catalysts.
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