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Well-Defined Lignin Model Films from Colloidal Lignin Particles
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    Well-Defined Lignin Model Films from Colloidal Lignin Particles
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    Langmuir

    Cite this: Langmuir 2020, 36, 51, 15592–15602
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02970
    Published December 16, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    The transformation of a molecularly complex and irregularly shaped lignin into a nanoscale spherical architecture is anticipated to play a pivotal role in the promotion of lignin valorization. From the standpoint of using colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) as building blocks for a diverse range of applications, it has become essential to study their interactions with soluble compounds of varied origin. However, the lack of model films with well-defined surface properties similar to those of CLPs has hindered fundamental studies using surface-sensitive techniques. Here, we report well-defined and stable thin films prepared from CLPs and demonstrate their suitability for investigation of surface phenomena. Direct adsorption on substrates coated with a cationic anchoring polymer resulted in uniform distribution of CLPs as shown with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) experiments revealed higher adsorbed mass of cationic lignin onto the CLP-coated substrate in comparison to the film prepared from dissolved lignin, suggesting preferential adsorption via the carboxylic acid enriched surfaces of CLPs. QCM-D further enabled detection of small changes such as particle swelling or partial dissolution not detectable via bulk methods such as light scattering. The CLP thin films remained stable until pH 8 and displayed only a low degree of swelling. Increasing the pH to 10 led to some instability, but their spherical geometry remained intact until complete dissolution was observed at pH 12. Particles prepared from aqueous acetone or aqueous tetrahydrofuran solution followed similar trends regarding adsorption, pH stability, and wetting, although the particle size affected the magnitude of adsorption. Overall, our results present a practical way to prepare well-defined CLP thin films that will be useful not only for fundamental studies but also as a platform for testing stability and interactions of lignin nanoparticles with materials of technical and biomedical relevance.

    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02970.

    • Schematic illustration of thin-film preparation; AFM topography images of the single deposition and two depositions CLPTHF thin films prepared by spin coating and adsorption at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g L–1 dispersion concentrations; effect of deposition method and CLPacetone concentration on surface coverage of CLPacetone thin films; change in surface roughness (Rq) of CLPacetone, CLPTHF, and lignindissolved thin films after exposure to pH 10; replicate QCM-D experiments depicting change in frequency, as a function of pH for CLPacetone, CLPTHF, and lignindissolved thin films; AFM height images of CLPacetone, CLPTHF, and lignindissolved thin films after exposure at pH 12; and comparison of surface coverage of CLPTHF and CLPacetone thin films (PDF)

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    Langmuir

    Cite this: Langmuir 2020, 36, 51, 15592–15602
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02970
    Published December 16, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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