Increased Ordering of Potassium Stearate/Stearic Acid/Glyceryl Stearate Confined between Swollen Cross-Linked Poly(acrylic acid)Click to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Chung-Hao LiuChung-Hao LiuPolymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesMore by Chung-Hao Liu
- Shing-Yun ChangShing-Yun ChangPolymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesMore by Shing-Yun Chang
- Kuo-Chih ShihKuo-Chih ShihPolymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesMore by Kuo-Chih Shih
- Mu-Ping NiehMu-Ping NiehPolymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesMore by Mu-Ping Nieh
- Qing SongQing SongUnilever, 40 Merritt Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611, United StatesMore by Qing Song
- Liang Bin ChenLiang Bin ChenUnilever, 40 Merritt Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611, United StatesMore by Liang Bin Chen
- Teanoosh MoaddelTeanoosh MoaddelUnilever, 40 Merritt Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611, United StatesMore by Teanoosh Moaddel
- Shanling ShiShanling ShiUnilever, 40 Merritt Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611, United StatesMore by Shanling Shi
- Mark BurfordMark BurfordUnilever, 40 Merritt Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611, United StatesMore by Mark Burford
- Anson W. K. Ma*Anson W. K. Ma*E-mail: [email protected]Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United StatesMore by Anson W. K. Ma
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the phase behavior of a surfactant mixture comprising glyceryl stearate, potassium stearate, and stearic acid, in the presence of Carbopol, a commonly used thickener in personal care products. At low Carbopol concentrations (<0.03%), the surfactant mixture interacted with Carbopol electrostatically, increasing the degree of Carbopol swelling and, consequently, the overall viscosity. However, such an effect diminished as the Carbopol concentration was further increased. At a Carbopol concentration of 0.2%, two types of liquid crystalline surfactant structures, namely, multilamellar vesicles and lamellae, were observed between the swollen Carbopol domains. Although similar types of surfactant structures were present in a much more concentrated surfactant solution having a similar viscosity but without Carbopol, the lamellae in the presence of Carbopol were more ordered and with a larger d spacing. The increased ordering was probably induced by the interactions between the surfactants and Carbopol as the surfactants were confined between the swollen Carbopol domains.
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