Recent Advances in Targeted Nanotherapies for Ischemic StrokeClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Jun Liao
- Yi Li
- Yunchun Luo
- Sha Meng
- Chuan Zhang
- Liyan Xiong*Liyan Xiong*L.X.: email, [email protected]School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaMore by Liyan Xiong
- Tingfang Wang*Tingfang Wang*T.W.: email, [email protected]School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, ChinaMore by Tingfang Wang
- Ying Lu*Ying Lu*Y.L.: email, [email protected]School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaMore by Ying Lu
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease caused by the narrowing or occlusion of cerebral blood vessels and is known for high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates. Clinically available treatments of stroke include the surgical removal of the thrombus and thrombolysis with tissue fibrinogen activator. Pharmaceuticals targeting IS are uncommon, and the development of new therapies is hindered by the low bioavailability and stability of many drugs. Nanomedicine provides new opportunities for the development of novel neuroprotective and thrombolytic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of IS. Numerous nanotherapeutics with different physicochemical properties are currently being developed to facilitate drug delivery by accumulation and controlled release and to improve their restorative properties. In this review, we discuss recent developments in IS therapy, including assisted drug delivery and targeting, neuroprotection through regulation of the neuron environment, and sources of endogenous biomimetic specific targeting. In addition, we discuss the role and neurotoxic effects of inorganic metal nanoparticles in IS therapy. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of nano-IS therapies that may contribute to the development of new strategies for a range of embolic diseases.
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