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Molecular Platform for Fast Low-Voltage Nanoelectromechanical Switching

Cite this: Nano Lett. 2021, 21, 24, 10244–10251
Publication Date (Web):December 7, 2021
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03214
Copyright © 2021 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    The use of molecules as active components to build nanometer-scale devices inspires emerging device concepts that employ the intrinsic functionality of molecules to address longstanding challenges facing nanoelectronics. Using molecules as controllable-length nanosprings, here we report the design and operation of a nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switch which overcomes the typical challenges of high actuation voltages and slow switching speeds for previous NEM technologies. Our NEM switches are hierarchically assembled using a molecular spacer layer sandwiched between atomically smooth electrodes, which defines a nanometer-scale electrode gap and can be electrostatically compressed to repeatedly modulate the tunneling current. The molecular layer and the top electrode structure serve as two degrees of design freedom with which to independently tailor static and dynamic device characteristics, enabling simultaneous low turn-on voltages (sub-3 V) and short switching delays (2 ns). This molecular platform with inherent nanoscale modularity provides a versatile strategy for engineering diverse high-performance and energy-efficient electromechanical devices.

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03214.

    • Methods, synthesis and characterization of molecules, design considerations for molecules, dynamic response measurement, theoretical modeling of device behavior, nonlinear mechanics of molecules, energy consumption estimate, NMR spectra of molecules, GATR-FTIR spectra of SAMs, nano-FTIR spectra of SAMs, measurement setup and control experiments, theoretical dynamic device behavior, theoretical static device behavior based on nonlinear mechanics of SAMs, devices with nanoplatelet top electrodes, cycling I–V curves of devices based on different molecules, design maps for static device behavior based on molecular properties, additional results for device dynamic responses, effects from varying barrier properties, control device behaviors, surface roughness of electrodes after SAM coating, comparison of nonmemory NEM switches (PDF)

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    Most electronic Supporting Information files are available without a subscription to ACS Web Editions. Such files may be downloaded by article for research use (if there is a public use license linked to the relevant article, that license may permit other uses). Permission may be obtained from ACS for other uses through requests via the RightsLink permission system: http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html.

    Cited By

    This article is cited by 2 publications.

    1. Zhimin Chai, Anthony Childress, Ahmed A. Busnaina. Directed Assembly of Nanomaterials for Making Nanoscale Devices and Structures: Mechanisms and Applications. ACS Nano 2022, 16 (11) , 17641-17686. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c07910
    2. Jinchi Han, Farnaz Niroui, Jeffrey H. Lang, Vladimir Bulović. Scalable Self-Limiting Dielectrophoretic Trapping for Site-Selective Assembly of Nanoparticles. Nano Letters 2022, 22 (20) , 8258-8265. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02986
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