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    Synthesis of Arrayed Tungsten Disulfide Nanotubes
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    • Abdul Ahad
      Abdul Ahad
      Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
      Department of Physics, Comilla University, Cumilla 3506, Bangladesh
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    • Yohei Yomogida
      Yohei Yomogida
      Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
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    • Md. Ashiqur Rahman
      Md. Ashiqur Rahman
      Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
      Department of Physics, Comilla University, Cumilla 3506, Bangladesh
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    • Akane Ihara
      Akane Ihara
      Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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    • Yasumitsu Miyata
      Yasumitsu Miyata
      Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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    • Yasushi Hirose
      Yasushi Hirose
      Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-4631
    • Keisuke Shinokita
      Keisuke Shinokita
      Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7752-3251
    • Kazunari Matsuda
      Kazunari Matsuda
      Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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    • Zheng Liu
      Zheng Liu
      Innovative Functional Materials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 4-205 Sakurazaka, Moriyamaku, Nagoya, Aichi 463-8560, Japan
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      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9095-7647
    • Kazuhiro Yanagi*
      Kazuhiro Yanagi
      Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
      *Email: [email protected]
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      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-1493
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    Nano Letters

    Cite this: Nano Lett. 2024, 24, 45, 14286–14292
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03895
    Published October 15, 2024
    Copyright © 2024 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Tungsten disulfide nanotubes (WS2-NTs), with their cylindrical structure composed of rolled WS2 sheets, have attracted much interest because of their unique physical properties reflecting quasi-one-dimensional chiral structures. They exhibit a semiconducting electronic structure regardless of their chirality, and various semiconducting and optoelectronic device applications have been demonstrated. The development of techniques to fabricate arrayed WS2-NTs is crucial to realizing the highest device performance. Since the discovery of WS2-NTs, various synthesis techniques have been reported; however, horizontally arrayed WS2-NTs have never been successfully synthesized. Here, we demonstrate a simple technique to synthesize arrayed WS2-NTs. Through precise temperature and gas control, W18O49 nanowires are grown along the [1̅101] direction on an r-plane sapphire substrate, and the nanowires are converted into nanotubes via sulfurization under optimized conditions. The demonstrated synthesis technique for arrayed WS2-NTs will play a central role in the fabrication of devices using transition-metal dichalcogenide nanotubes.

    Copyright © 2024 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03895.

    • Experimental methods and detailed characterization of the tungsten oxide nanowires and tungsten disulfide nanotubes; Typical FESEM images of CVD-grown WOx-NWs on different substrates, such as silicon, silicon/silicon oxide, quartz glass, and sapphire substrates (Figure S1); Surface structures of the r-, c-, and a-plane sapphire substrates (Figure S2a); Morphological changes in the oxide nanowires due to variations in the sublimation and growth temperatures on the r-sapphire substrate (Figure S2b); Gas flow direction, gas flow rate, and reaction time dependence study of oxide NWs (Figure S3); Temperature dependence study of WS2-NTs (Figure S4); Polarized Raman intensity and SHG study of arrayed WS2-NTs (Figure S5); High-resolution TEM image, and wall number distribution histogram of arrayed WS2-NTs (Figure S6); Chirality study and typical FFT patterns of zigzag, chiral, armchair and near-armchair nanotubes (Figure S7); Elemental analysis of nanotubes via HAADF-STEM and EDS mapping (Figure S8), Tabulated contents of W and S in different parts of the sample. Asymmetric typical cross-sectional images of some nanotubes (Figure S9) (PDF)

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    Nano Letters

    Cite this: Nano Lett. 2024, 24, 45, 14286–14292
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03895
    Published October 15, 2024
    Copyright © 2024 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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