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Synthesis of π-Extended Imidazoles by 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Polycyclic Aromatic Azomethine Ylides with Nitriles

Cite this: Org. Lett. 2020, 22, 15, 6132–6137
Publication Date (Web):July 14, 2020
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02203
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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    Abstract

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    Here we report the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides with nitriles to produce highly fused imidazole derivatives, that is, tribenzo[b,g,ij]imidazo[2,1,5-de]quinolizine. The advantages of this transformation are the broad substrate scope and the good functional group compatibility. The subsequent palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization provides an efficient approach to further π-extended imidazoles, that is, 14b1,15-diazadibenzo[fg,ij]cyclopenta[rst]pentaphene.

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    CCDC 19970081997009 and 2013728 contain the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. These data can be obtained free of charge via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif, or by emailing [email protected], or by contacting The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; fax: +44 1223 336033.

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    Cited By

    This article is cited by 12 publications.

    1. Yongchun Hu, Yuanyuan Jia, Zekun Tuo, Wang Zhou. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Annulation and Aromatization for the Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolines. Organic Letters 2023, 25 (11) , 1845-1849. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00321
    2. Arseni Borissov, Yogesh Kumar Maurya, Liliia Moshniaha, Wai-Shing Wong, Marika Żyła-Karwowska, Marcin Stępień. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chemical Reviews 2022, 122 (1) , 565-788. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449
    3. Yongkang Guo, Lei Zhang, Chenglong Li, Mengjia Jin, Yanli Zhang, Jincheng Ye, Yu Chen, Xiaoming Wu, Xuguang Liu. BN/BO-Ullazines and Bis-BO-Ullazines: Effect of BO Doping on Aromaticity and Optoelectronic Properties. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2021, 86 (18) , 12507-12516. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c00777
    4. Batoul Rkein, Maxime Manneveau, Hélène Gérard, Julien Legros, Isabelle Chataigner. 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Cyanoheteroarenes with non‐stabilized Azomethine Ylides : C≡N vs Aromatic C=C Reactivity. ChemistrySelect 2022, 7 (37) https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202203628
    5. Qiang-Qiang Li, Yosuke Hamamoto, Cheryl Cai Hui Tan, Hiroyasu Sato, Shingo Ito. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and imidoyl halides for synthesis of π-extended imidazolium salts. Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022, 9 (15) , 4128-4134. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2QO00941B
    6. Linhao Liu, Hai‐Yun Huang, Henri Doucet. Double C‐H bond functionalization for the annulative π ‐extension of 1‐arylimidazoles: A palladium‐catalyzed one pot access to imidazo[1,5‐ f ]phenanthridines. Applied Organometallic Chemistry 2022, 36 (7) https://doi.org/10.1002/aoc.6747
    7. Sha Li, Yahan Sun, Xiaofang Li, Oskar Smaga, Sebastian Koniarz, Marcin Stępień, Piotr J. Chmielewski. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic azomethine ylide to norcorroles: towards dibenzoullazine-fused derivatives. Chemical Communications 2022, 58 (45) , 6510-6513. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CC02071H
    8. Tianbao Wang, Qinze Zheng, Linhua Wang, Zhenmei Huang, Huaxing Zhang, Yuming Zhang, Cheng Zhang, Ge Gao. Synthesis of cationic π-extended imidazolium salts by sequential Cu-catalyzed arylation/annulation and photocyclization. Chemical Communications 2022, 58 (4) , 541-544. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CC06194A
    9. Mina Zhao, Zimo Yang, Desuo Yang. Recent Progress in Synthesis of Polysubstituted Imidazoles by Cyclization Reaction. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry 2022, 42 (1) , 111. https://doi.org/10.6023/cjoc202107014
    10. Giacomo Biagiotti, Ilaria Perini, Barbara Richichi, Stefano Cicchi. Novel Synthetic Approach to Heteroatom Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Optimizing the Bottom-Up Approach to Atomically Precise Doped Nanographenes. Molecules 2021, 26 (20) , 6306. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206306
    11. Lanlan Lv, Yan Chen, Andrey Shatskiy, Jian‐Quan Liu, Xiaoyi Liu, Markus D. Kärkäs, Xiang‐Shan Wang. Silver‐Catalyzed [3+1+1] Annulation of Nitrones with Isocyanoacetates as an Approach to 1,4,5‐Trisubstituted Imidazoles. European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2021, 2021 (6) , 964-968. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202001536
    12. . All Nitriles Lead to Imidazoles. Synfacts 2020, 1170. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705925

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