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Blocking the Nanopores in a Layer of Nonconductive Nanoparticles: Dominant Effects Therein and Challenges for Electrochemical Impedimetric Biosensing
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    Research Article

    Blocking the Nanopores in a Layer of Nonconductive Nanoparticles: Dominant Effects Therein and Challenges for Electrochemical Impedimetric Biosensing
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    • Jakub Sopoušek
      Jakub Sopoušek
      Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
      Central European Institute of Technology CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
    • Jakub Věžník
      Jakub Věžník
      Central European Institute of Technology CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
      Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
    • Petr Skládal
      Petr Skládal
      Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
      Central European Institute of Technology CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
    • Karel Lacina*
      Karel Lacina
      Central European Institute of Technology CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
      *E-mail: [email protected] (K.L.).
      More by Karel Lacina
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 12, 14620–14628
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c02650
    Published March 5, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Blockage of a nanopore by an analyte molecule has emerged as a promising concept for electrochemical biosensing. Nanoporous structures can be formed on the electrode surface simply by packing spherical nanoparticles in a dense planar arrangement. Modification of the nanoparticles with human serum albumin (HSA) and its interaction with the corresponding antibody (anti-HSA) can induce nanopore-blockage which significantly hinders permeation of the redox probe ([Fe(CN6)]4–/3–). Interfaces of different parameters were studied using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and counterintuitively, the influence of charge of the nanoparticles and other immobilized entities played a substantial role in the measurement. Our study reveals dominant effects including the presence of mixed output signal and resolves corresponding EIS biosensing-related challenges. Consequently, blocking the nanopores was introduced as an efficient technique which enables the application of EIS-based biosensing to real-world analytical issues.

    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.0c02650.

    • Photographic documentation of electrodes, description of EIS measurements and fitting in more detail, DLS and AFM characterization of different nanoparticles and interfaces, influence of poly-l-lysine on the measurements, approximation of nanopore diameters, influence of applied protein or alternative antibody (FITC-labeled) of different concentrations on the nanopore blocking, and representative EIS spectra (PDF)

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    This article is cited by 11 publications.

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    6. Flavio M. Shimizu, Anerise de Barros, Maria L. Braunger, Gabriel Gaal, Antonio Riul Jr. Information visualization and machine learning driven methods for impedimetric biosensing. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2023, 165 , 117115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2023.117115
    7. Karel Lacina, Jakub Věžník, Jakub Sopoušek, Zdeněk Farka, Veronika Lacinová, Petr Skládal. Concentration and diffusion of the redox probe as key parameters for label-free impedimetric immunosensing. Bioelectrochemistry 2023, 149 , 108308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108308
    8. Veronika Pinkova Gajdosova, Lenka Lorencova, Anna Blsakova, Peter Kasak, Tomas Bertok, Jan Tkac. Challenges for impedimetric affinity sensors targeting protein detection. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry 2021, 28 , 100717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2021.100717
    9. Jakub Sopoušek, Jakub Věžník, Josef Houser, Petr Skládal, Karel Lacina. Crucial factors governing the electrochemical impedance on protein-modified surfaces. Electrochimica Acta 2021, 388 , 138616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138616
    10. Jakub Sopoušek, Josef Humlíček, Antonín Hlaváček, Veronika Horáčková, Petr Skládal, Karel Lacina. Thick nanoporous matrices of polystyrene nanoparticles and their potential for electrochemical biosensing. Electrochimica Acta 2021, 368 , 137607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137607
    11. Mateusz Brodowski, Marcin Kowalski, Marta Skwarecka, Katarzyna Pałka, Michał Skowicki, Anna Kula, Tomasz Lipiński, Anna Dettlaff, Mateusz Ficek, Jacek Ryl, Karolina Dziąbowska, Dawid Nidzworski, Robert Bogdanowicz. Highly selective impedimetric determination of Haemophilus influenzae protein D using maze-like boron-doped carbon nanowall electrodes. Talanta 2021, 221 , 121623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121623

    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 12, 14620–14628
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c02650
    Published March 5, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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