High Modulus, Thermally Stable, and Self-Extinguishing Aramid Nanofiber SeparatorsClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Anish PatelAnish PatelArtie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Anish Patel
- Kathryn WilcoxKathryn WilcoxArtie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Kathryn Wilcox
- Zhuo LiZhuo LiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United StatesMore by Zhuo Li
- Ian GeorgeIan GeorgeArtie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Ian George
- Rishabh JunejaRishabh JunejaArtie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Rishabh Juneja
- Christina LollarChristina LollarDepartment of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Christina Lollar
- Simone LazarSimone LazarDepartment of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Simone Lazar
- Jaime GrunlanJaime GrunlanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Jaime Grunlan
- Wyatt E. TenhaeffWyatt E. TenhaeffDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United StatesMore by Wyatt E. Tenhaeff
- Jodie L. Lutkenhaus*Jodie L. Lutkenhaus*Email: [email protected]Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesMore by Jodie L. Lutkenhaus
Abstract

Mechanically and thermally robust separators offer an alternative approach for preventing battery failure under extreme conditions such as high loads and temperatures. However, the trade-off between electrochemical performance and mechanical and thermal stability remains an ongoing challenge. Here, we investigate aramid nanofiber (ANF) separators that possess high moduli and self-extinguishing characteristics. The ANF separators are formed from the dissolution of bulk Kevlar fibers and their subsequent vacuum-assisted self-assembly. Thermogravimetric analysis shows a high 5 wt % decomposition temperature of 447 °C, which is over ∼175 °C higher than commercial Celgard separators. The ANF separator also possesses a high Young’s modulus of 8.8 GPa, which is ∼1000% higher than commercial separators. Even when dry or when soaked in battery electrolyte, the ANF separators self-extinguish upon exposure to flame, whereas commercial separators melt or drip. We show that these features, although adventitious, present a trade-off with electrochemical performance in which a lithium nickel manganse cobalt (NMC) oxide-based battery possessed a reduced capacity of 123.4 mA h g–1. Considering the separator holistically, we propose that the ANF separator shows an excellent balance of the combined properties of high modulus, flame-resistance, thermal stability, and electrochemical stability and might be suitable for extreme environment applications with further testing.
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