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Cobalt and Nickel Phosphates as Multifunctional Air-Cathodes for Rechargeable Hybrid Sodium-Air Battery Applications

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    Research Article

    Cobalt and Nickel Phosphates as Multifunctional Air-Cathodes for Rechargeable Hybrid Sodium-Air Battery Applications
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 37, 33811–33818
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b09090
    Published August 20, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Noble-metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts are indispensable to realize low-cost and energy-efficient rechargeable metal-air batteries. In addition, power density, energy density, and cycle life of these metal-air batteries can be improved further by utilizing the fast faradaic reactions of metal ions in the catalyst layer together with the oxygen evolution/reduction reactions (OER/ORR) for charge storage. In this work, we propose mixed metal phosphates of nickel and cobalt, NixCo3–x(PO4)2 (x = 0,1, 1.5, 2, and 3), as multifunctional air-cathodes exhibiting bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and reversible metal redox reaction (M3+/2+, M = Ni and Co). Submicron-sized NixCo3–x(PO4)2 particles were synthesized by a solution combustion synthesis technique with urea acting as the fuel. Electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.1 M NaOH was systematically tuned by varying the Ni-to-Co ratio. The synthesized NixCo3–x(PO4)2 with x = 1.5 (NCP11) showed superior bifunctional catalytic activity to other samples. Moreover, the catalyst material delivered a specific capacity of ∼110 mAh g–1 by the redox reactions of its metal sites. The hybrid Na-air battery fabricated using the NCP11 catalyst-loaded air-cathode exhibited low overpotential, stable cycling performance, and round-trip energy efficiency exceeding 78% in a 0.1 M NaOH aqueous electrolyte.

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09090.

    • Synthesis of NASICON-type Na3Zr2Si2PO12, TGA–DTA curve (Figure S1); Raman spectrum (Figure S2); EDXA spectra of CP and NP (Figure S3); elemental mapping (Figure S4); XPS survey spectrum (Figure S5); comparison of the OER on Pt/C and NCP11 (Figure S6a); constant potential electrolysis (Figure S6b); calculation of the electron transfer number (n), RRDE studies using NCP11 (Figure S7); structural parameters of NCP11 (Table S1); comparison of OER activity (Table S2); comparison of round-trip efficiencies of various Na-air batteries (Table S3) (PDF)

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    18. Yabo Zhu, Tingting Xie, Sheng Zhang, Nao Zhang, Guanglan Wang, Peizhong Feng, Huan Xu, Kali Lv. A sandwich structure of cobalt pyrophosphate/nickel phosphite@C: one step synthesis and its good electrocatalytic performance. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 2022, 26 (5) , 1221-1230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-022-05156-4
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 37, 33811–33818
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b09090
    Published August 20, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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