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    Research Article

    New Functionality of Ionic Liquids as Lubricant Additives: Mitigating Rolling Contact Fatigue
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    • Benjamin C. Stump
      Benjamin C. Stump
      Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
      More by Benjamin C. Stump
    • Yan Zhou
      Yan Zhou
      Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
      More by Yan Zhou
    • Huimin Luo
      Huimin Luo
      Energy & Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
      More by Huimin Luo
    • Donovan N. Leonard
      Donovan N. Leonard
      Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
      More by Donovan N. Leonard
    • Michael B. Viola
      Michael B. Viola
      Research & Development Center, General Motors, 30470 Harley Earl Boulevard, Warren, Michigan 48092-2031, United States
      More by Michael B. Viola
    • Jun Qu*
      Jun Qu
      Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
      *E-mail: [email protected]. Phone: (865) 576-9304, Fax: (865) 574-4913.
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      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9466-3179
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 33, 30484–30492
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b10001
    Published July 30, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Oil-soluble ionic liquids (ILs) have recently been demonstrated as effective lubricant additives of friction reduction and wear protection for sliding contacts. However, their functionality in mitigating rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is little known. Because of the distinct surface damage modes, different types of surface protective additives often are used in lubricants for sliding and rolling contacts. Therefore, the lubricating characteristics and mechanisms of ILs learned in sliding contacts from the earlier work may not be translatable to rolling contacts. This study explores the feasibility of using phosphonium-phosphate, ammonium-phosphate, and phosphonium-carboxylate ILs as candidate additives in rolling–sliding boundary lubrication, and results suggested that an IL could be either beneficial or detrimental on RCF depending on its chemistry. Particularly, the best-performing phosphonium-phosphate IL at 2% addition made a low-viscosity base oil significantly outperform a more viscous commercial gear oil in reducing the RCF surface damage and associated vibration noise. This IL generated a thicker, smoother, and more homogeneous tribofilm compared with commercial additives, which is likely responsible for the superior RCF protection. Results here suggest good potential for using appropriate IL additives to allow the use of low-viscosity gear and axle fluids for improved efficiency and durability.

    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10001.

    • Some physicochemical properties of the neat ILs; kinematic viscosities of test fluids; MPR showing configuration inside the test chamber; and a roller after testing (PDF)

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    This article is cited by 32 publications.

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    11. Ningbo Liu, Qinglun Che, Yi Li, Litian Hu, Jianjun Zhang, Songwei Zhang. Effect of hydroxyl functionalized ionic liquid additives on rheological and tribological properties of titanium complex grease. Tribology International 2024, 193 , 109416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2024.109416
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 33, 30484–30492
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b10001
    Published July 30, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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