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Hyaluronate–Gold Nanoparticle/Glucose Oxidase Complex for Highly Sensitive Wireless Noninvasive Glucose Sensors
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    Hyaluronate–Gold Nanoparticle/Glucose Oxidase Complex for Highly Sensitive Wireless Noninvasive Glucose Sensors
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    • Su-Kyoung Kim
      Su-Kyoung Kim
      Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Korea
    • Cheonhoo Jeon
      Cheonhoo Jeon
      Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
    • Geon-Hui Lee
      Geon-Hui Lee
      Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Korea
      More by Geon-Hui Lee
    • Jahyun Koo
      Jahyun Koo
      Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
      More by Jahyun Koo
    • Seong Hwi Cho
      Seong Hwi Cho
      Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Korea
    • Seulgi Han
      Seulgi Han
      Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Korea
      More by Seulgi Han
    • Myeong-Hwan Shin
      Myeong-Hwan Shin
      Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Korea
    • Jae-Yoon Sim*
      Jae-Yoon Sim
      Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Gyeongbuk, Korea
      *E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +82 54 279 2378. Fax: +82 54 279 2903 (J.-Y.S.).
      More by Jae-Yoon Sim
    • Sei Kwang Hahn*
      Sei Kwang Hahn
      Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 790-784, Gyeongbuk, Korea
      PHI BIOMED Co., #613, 12 Gangnam-daero 65-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06612, Korea
      *E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +82 54 279 2159. Fax: +82 54 279 2399 (S.K.H.).
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 40, 37347–37356
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b13874
    Published September 10, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Noninvasive real-time biosensors to measure glucose levels in the body fluids have been widely investigated for continuous glucose monitoring of diabetic patients. However, they suffered from low sensitivity and reproducibility due to the instability of nanomaterials used for glucose biosensors. Here, we developed a hyaluronate–gold nanoparticle/glucose oxidase (HA–AuNP/GOx) complex and an ultralow-power application-specific integrated circuit chip for noninvasive and robust wireless patch-type glucose sensors. The HA–AuNP/GOx complex was prepared by the facile conjugation of thiolated HA to AuNPs and the following physical binding of GOx. The wireless glucose sensor exhibited slow water evaporation (0.11 μL/min), fast response (5 s), high sensitivity (12.37 μA·dL/mg·cm2) and selectivity, a low detection limit (0.5 mg/dL), and highly stable enzymatic activity (∼14 days). We successfully demonstrated the strong correlation between glucose concentrations measured by a commercially available blood glucometer and the wireless patch-type glucose sensor. Taken together, we could confirm the feasibility of the wireless patch-type robust glucose sensor for noninvasive and continuous diabetic diagnosis.

    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13874.

    • 1H NMR analysis of end-thiolated HA-SH; ζ-potential and DLS analysis of AuNP, HA–AuNP, and PEG–AuNP; DLS, ζ-potential, and UV–vis spectra analysis of the HA–AuNP/GOx complex; schematic illustration of a highly sensitive wireless noninvasive glucose sensor; SEM images of the Ag/AgCl reference electrode; repeated usability of a patch-type glucose sensor coated with GOx; IC system diagram and linear regression between input current and output code; linear regression analysis for the glucose concentration versus the current (Figures S1–S8) (PDF)

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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 40, 37347–37356
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b13874
    Published September 10, 2019
    Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society

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