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Boron-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Anchored to Carbon Nanotubes as Noble Metal-Free Electrocatalysts of Uric Acid for a Wearable Sweat Sensor

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    Boron-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Anchored to Carbon Nanotubes as Noble Metal-Free Electrocatalysts of Uric Acid for a Wearable Sweat Sensor
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    • Yu-Xuan Wang
      Yu-Xuan Wang
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      More by Yu-Xuan Wang
    • Mia Rinawati
      Mia Rinawati
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      More by Mia Rinawati
    • Jun-De Zhan
      Jun-De Zhan
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      More by Jun-De Zhan
    • Kuan-Yu Lin
      Kuan-Yu Lin
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      More by Kuan-Yu Lin
    • Chen-Jui Huang
      Chen-Jui Huang
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      More by Chen-Jui Huang
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-1424
    • Kuan-Jung Chen
      Kuan-Jung Chen
      Mighty Electronic Co, Ltd., Hsinchu City 304034, Taiwan
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    • Hitoshi Mizuguchi
      Hitoshi Mizuguchi
      Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
      More by Hitoshi Mizuguchi
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2396-6812
    • Jyh-Chiang Jiang
      Jyh-Chiang Jiang
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      More by Jyh-Chiang Jiang
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5250
    • Bing-Joe Hwang
      Bing-Joe Hwang
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
      More by Bing-Joe Hwang
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3873-2149
    • Min-Hsin Yeh*
      Min-Hsin Yeh
      Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
      *Email: [email protected]. Tel: +886-2-2737-6643.
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      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-4750
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    ACS Applied Nano Materials

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 8, 11100–11110
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.2c02279
    Published August 11, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Emerging wearable devices with noninvasive biosensing technologies have sparked substantial interest for constant monitoring of substances in bodily fluids, which might be used to detect human health issues. Uric acid (UA) is a crucial indicator of a high relationship with gout, hyperuricemia, and Lesch–Nyhan syndrome. Therefore, developing a wearable device to noninvasively monitor the UA levels in sweat has drawn enormous attention. In this work, boron-doped graphene quantum dots anchored to carbon nanotubes (BGQDs/CNTs) were proposed as noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for the design of the enzyme-free wearable sensors to monitor the concentration of UA in human sweat. BGQDs could provide extra active sites to enhance the electrocatalytic ability of the UA oxidation reaction. From the results, BGQDs/CNTs exhibit ultrahigh sensitivity of 8.92 ± 0.22 μA μM–1 cm–2 for UA detection compared to pristine CNTs (4.24 ± 0.24 μA μM–1 cm–2). Moreover, density functional theory calculations indicate that B atoms can strengthen the UA molecule adsorption and enlarge electron transfer from the UA molecule to the B-doped graphene sheet, supporting the high sensitivity of BGQDs for UA detection. Hence, this study offers a promising electrocatalyst for using an enzyme-free electrochemical UA sensor with a dependable and steady performance to further the use of wearable electronics.

    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society

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    Cite this: ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 8, 11100–11110
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.2c02279
    Published August 11, 2022
    Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society
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