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Donor–Acceptor Fluorophores for Visible-Light-Promoted Organic Synthesis: Photoredox/Ni Dual Catalytic C(sp3)–C(sp2) Cross-Coupling
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    Donor–Acceptor Fluorophores for Visible-Light-Promoted Organic Synthesis: Photoredox/Ni Dual Catalytic C(sp3)–C(sp2) Cross-Coupling
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    Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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    ACS Catalysis

    Cite this: ACS Catal. 2016, 6, 2, 873–877
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b02204
    Published January 12, 2016
    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    We describe carbazolyl dicyanobenzene (CDCB)-based donor–acceptor (D–A) fluorophores as a class of cheap, easily accessible, and efficient metal-free photoredox catalysts for organic synthesis. By changing the number and position of carbazolyl and cyano groups on the center benzene ring, CDCBs with a wide range of photoredox potentials are obtained to effectively drive the energetically demanding C(sp3)–C(sp2) cross-coupling of carboxylic acids and alkyltrifluoroborates with aryl halides via a photoredox/Ni dual catalysis mechanism. This work validates the utility of D–A fluorophores in guiding the rational design of metal-free photoredox catalysts for visible-light-promoted organic synthesis.

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    • Materials, general procedures, synthesis, the cost calculations for D–A fluorophores, physical measurements, spectroscopic characterizations, CV diagrams, NMR spectra, and HPLC measurements (PDF)

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    Cite this: ACS Catal. 2016, 6, 2, 873–877
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5b02204
    Published January 12, 2016
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