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Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibition (2P2I)-Oriented Chemical Library Accelerates Hit Discovery
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    Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibition (2P2I)-Oriented Chemical Library Accelerates Hit Discovery
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    CNRS, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CS30059, 13273 Marseille Cedex 9, France
    CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Screening Platform AD2P, AFMB UMR7257, 13288, Marseille, France
    § Cisbio Bioassays, R&D, Parc Marcel Boiteux, BP 84175, 30200 Codolet, France
    Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
    Hybrigenics Services, 3-5 Impasse Reille, 75014 Paris, France
    # Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K.
    Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.
    Goethe-University, Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Buchmann Institute for Life Science, Campus Riedberg, Max-von Laue Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
    *Xavier Morelli. Phone: +33 (0)486 977 331. E-mail: [email protected]
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    ACS Chemical Biology

    Cite this: ACS Chem. Biol. 2016, 11, 8, 2140–2148
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.6b00286
    Published May 24, 2016
    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) represent an enormous source of opportunity for therapeutic intervention. We and others have recently pinpointed key rules that will help in identifying the next generation of innovative drugs to tackle this challenging class of targets within the next decade. We used these rules to design an oriented chemical library corresponding to a set of diverse “PPI-like” modulators with cores identified as privileged structures in therapeutics. In this work, we purchased the resulting 1664 structurally diverse compounds and evaluated them on a series of representative protein–protein interfaces with distinct “druggability” potential using homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) technology. For certain PPI classes, analysis of the hit rates revealed up to 100 enrichment factors compared with nonoriented chemical libraries. This observation correlates with the predicted “druggability” of the targets. A specific focus on selectivity profiles, the three-dimensional (3D) molecular modes of action resolved by X-ray crystallography, and the biological activities of identified hits targeting the well-defined “druggable” bromodomains of the bromo and extraterminal (BET) family are presented as a proof-of-concept. Overall, our present study illustrates the potency of machine learning-based oriented chemical libraries to accelerate the identification of hits targeting PPIs. A generalization of this method to a larger set of compounds will accelerate the discovery of original and potent probes for this challenging class of targets.

    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00286.

    • Supporting methods, principle of the HTRF assays and characterization of the 2P2I3D chemical database, general screening cascade, overall quality-control (distribution) of the HTRF assay, ITC thermograms for the binding of “thermal shift sensitive”compounds 37 to BRD4(1) protein, chemical structures and biophysical characterization of compounds 1 and 2, selectivity of compounds 1 and 2, 2FoFc map and omit map around compounds 1 and 2, binding mode of (S)JQ1 compared with compounds 1 and 2, 2D chemical structures of the “thermal shift sensitive” compounds, X-ray data collection and refinement statistics, and HTRF assay pipetting procedures (PDF)

    Accession Codes

    The coordinates and structure factors of refined BRD4(1) complexed with compounds 1 and 2 have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank with accessions code 5DLZ and 5DLX.

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    Most electronic Supporting Information files are available without a subscription to ACS Web Editions. Such files may be downloaded by article for research use (if there is a public use license linked to the relevant article, that license may permit other uses). Permission may be obtained from ACS for other uses through requests via the RightsLink permission system: http://pubs.acs.org/page/copyright/permissions.html.

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    ACS Chemical Biology

    Cite this: ACS Chem. Biol. 2016, 11, 8, 2140–2148
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acschembio.6b00286
    Published May 24, 2016
    Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society

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