Characterization of Sequentially Extracted Soil Organic Matter by Electrospray Ionization and Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass SpectrometryClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Yinghui WangYinghui WangState Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, ChinaMore by Yinghui Wang
- Yina LiuYina LiuDepartment of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United StatesEnvironmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United StatesMore by Yina Liu
- Rosalie K ChuRosalie K ChuEnvironmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United StatesMore by Rosalie K Chu
- Richard D BowdenRichard D BowdenDepartment of Environmental Science and Sustainability, Allegheny College, Meadville, Pennsylvania 16335, United StatesMore by Richard D Bowden
- Kate LajthaKate LajthaCollege of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United StatesMore by Kate Lajtha
- Myrna J. SimpsonMyrna J. SimpsonEnvironmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, CanadaMore by Myrna J. Simpson
- Junjian Wang*Junjian Wang*Email: [email protected]State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, ChinaMore by Junjian Wang
Abstract
Soil organic matter (SOM) is a complex mixture of small molecules and biopolymers that are active in various biogeochemical processes. However, the chemical diversity of biopolymer-derived SOM remains poorly explored. Identifying this diversity is important because global environmental changes may well alter SOM chemistry, as field experiments are beginning to show. Here, organic solvent-extractable (DcMe-SOM), base-hydrolyzable (KOHHy-SOM), and CuO-oxidizable (CuOOx-SOM) SOM fractions from a forest with a long-term nitrogen addition experiment were sequentially extracted and characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) coupled with negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). From DcMe-SOM to CuOOx-SOM, the total number of assigned formulas, average O/C ratio, aromaticity, and unsaturation degree of SOM continuously increased, while the average m/z and H/C ratio decreased. Moreover, the dominant chemical category shifted from lipid-like components to phytochemical- and protein-like components. Complementary to ESI, APPI effectively facilitated detection of additional compounds with low polarity. With long-term nitrogen addition, the average m/z, unsaturation degree, aromaticity, and oxidation state of SOM increased, and more aromatic nitrogen-containing formulas were detected in CuOOx-SOM. Our study demonstrates that chronic nitrogen deposition in forests alters both the small molecules and biopolymers of SOM fundamentally.
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