Electrochemically Induced Crystallite Alignment of Lithium Manganese Oxide to Improve Lithium Insertion Kinetics for Dye-Sensitized Photorechargeable Batteries
- Myeong-Hee LeeMyeong-Hee LeeSchool of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaMore by Myeong-Hee Lee,
- Byung-Man KimByung-Man KimDepartment of Chemistry, School of Natural Science, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaCenter for Wave Energy Materials, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaMore by Byung-Man Kim,
- Yeongdae LeeYeongdae LeeSchool of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaMore by Yeongdae Lee,
- Hyun-Gyu HanHyun-Gyu HanDepartment of Chemistry, School of Natural Science, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaMore by Hyun-Gyu Han,
- Minjae Cho ,
- Tae-Hyuk Kwon*Tae-Hyuk Kwon*Email: [email protected]Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Science, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaCenter for Wave Energy Materials, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaMore by Tae-Hyuk Kwon, and
- Hyun-Kon Song*Hyun-Kon Song*Email: [email protected]School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaCenter for Wave Energy Materials, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, KoreaMore by Hyun-Kon Song
Abstract
The insertion of lithium into lithium manganese oxide spinel (LiMn2O4 (LMO) to Li2Mn2O4 (L2MO)) was used to store light energy as a form of chemical energy in a dye-sensitized photorechargeable battery (DSPB). Herein, we investigate the effect of crystallite size of LMO on DSPB performance. The crystallite size of graphene-wrapped submicrometer-sized LMO ([email protected]) was tuned electrochemically from 26 to 34 nm via repeated LMO-to-L2MO transitions. The different crystallite orientations in [email protected] particles were ordered in an identical direction by an electric stimulus. The [email protected] having a 34 nm crystallite size (L34 and L34*) improved DSPB performances in dim light, compared with the smaller-crystallite [email protected] (L26). The overall energy efficiency (ηoverall) of 13.2%, higher than ever reported, was achieved by adopting the fully crystallized and structure-stabilized [email protected] (L34*) for DSPB. The phase transition between the cubic and tetragonal forms during the LMO-to-L2MO reaction was suspected to be responsible for the structural ordering.
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