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Editorial
Fewer Sandwich Papers, PleaseClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Song Jin*Song Jin*[email protected]Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United StatesMore by Song Jin
This publication is licensed for personal use by The American Chemical Society.
Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society
The number of research publications is exploding across many disciplines. This is especially true for energy research, which has witnessed an accelerating rate of publications, significant expansion of scientific journals, and rapid growth of journal impact factors for most of the top journals focused on energy research, (1) to which ACS Energy Letters belongs. Such growth is understandable because of the immense importance of developing renewable energy technologies to address the daunting energy and climate challenges and, more practically, the substantial funding support invested in these important research areas all over the world. Exciting breakthroughs have been followed by substantial growth of research publications in the areas of solar energy conversion, electrochemical energy conversion, and storage, to name a few. However, we are seeing more and more research papers in these rapidly growing fields focused on the routine device performance evaluation aspects which seem to fall into the trap of so-called “sandwich papers”.
A Sandwich Strategy for Energy Device Papers
Obviously, most energy devices have multiple components and fairly complex architectures. For example, solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) made of metal halide perovskites or organic semiconductors have an electron transfer layer, a hole transport layer, active material layer(s), two metal electrodes, and the interfaces between them. (2,3) An electrochemical energy storage battery consists of a cathode, anode, separator, electrolyte, and current collectors. (4,5) An electrolyzer or fuel cell has at least two different electrocatalysts on the cathode and anode, electrolyte solution(s), and possibly a membrane. (6) Just like the process of making sandwiches in fast-food sandwich shops, if one permutes different choices for each layer (component) and sets out to survey and demonstrate solar cells, LEDs, or other energy devices, many different (and perhaps nearly randomly designed) papers can be produced quickly (Figure 1). To be fair and clear, a significant amount of systematic optimization of complex energy devices is always part of the hard work needed to achieve improved device performance, but what is concerning is the casual (or random) combinatorial effort in making such devices without the driving scientific or engineering principles.
Figure 1
Figure 1. Sandwich analogy for configuring various energy devices and for producing some energy device papers. (Image source: Shutterstock)
Different from the notorious “salami papers”, sandwich papers could show much hard work, be crammed with many figures, (7) and employ the latest experimental techniques that involve the most advanced instrumentation, sometimes supplemented by theory or simulation that agree perfectly with the experimental results. They could look very impressive by most common standards, yet, the very impressive façade and dizzying display of results cannot conceal the paucity of thought behind the work. After reading some such papers, one could not help feeling that something is missing and left wanting more.
The Making of a Great Research Paper
What could be missing then? What makes a research paper stand out is the novelty, significance, and impact of a scientific work, as well as the scientific rigor of the work. Most of the time, the novelty of a work is relatively straightforward to judge: have there been precedents to this work or have there been very similar works in the past? Of course, novelty is always a relative term─any work can be declared as “the first” if enough constraints are imposed. The significance of work is often more subjective and less reliable to evaluate, but it could become more apparent as time passes. It could also be difficult to gauge the impact of any work early on. Sometimes, a truly groundbreaking work needs many years before its true impact could be realized and appreciated (the so-called “sleeping beauty paper”). In the case of sandwich papers, even though one might claim the specific combination of components has never been done before, one needs to ask if the work advances scientific or engineering knowledge and addresses at least one of the outstanding challenges faced by the respective community. With the same interesting or even groundbreaking results, presenting the work with a well-organized structure, (8) polished writing, well composed figures, (9) as well as a succinct and engaging manuscript title (10) can increase the readership and enhance the potential impact of the work.
Putting Heart and Soul into Papers
Furthermore, I argue that a good scientific paper should have a “heart and soul”. A paper should not be just a compilation of data and presentation of results, built merely on some performance claims; rather, there should be an interesting theme, perhaps a unique story driving it. These could include (but are not limited to): What is the reason (or hypothesis) to pursue this work? Did it work out the way it was planned, and were there any plot twists? What are the new scientific or engineering insights that emerged from the hard work? Were there any surprises? Such heart and soul, when firmly supported by scientific evidence, gives the paper its unique character and “life”. This is part of the reason why the paper could be intriguing, inspiring, and potentially have long-lasting impact. Just like a piece of great artwork, music, or music performance, an original research paper with an “interesting soul” can resonate with us and inspire us in profound ways. On the other hand, scientific works that come off the high-throughput “assembly line”, even though they have all of the state-of the-art technical components, if they are devoid of a “soul”, they will be less likely to generate scientific interest, inspire new scientific progress, and have a long-lasting impact.
I must admit that research papers with “interesting souls” are not easy to come by, and I constantly feel the anxiety and guilt of not feeling the “soul” in my own work. To paraphrase something said by Oscar Wilde, “Good looking skins are all alike, an interesting soul is one in a thousand”. Under the “publish or perish” culture, most of us are expected to “deliver the products”, usually measured by publications. On the other hand, one might also argue that reporting the key findings of taxpayer-funded research projects is among scientists’ obligation to society, (11) even though some such findings might be “boring”. (These works should be published but in suitable journals with commensurate scope, expectation, and philosophy.) Once we accept the hard truth that most of us are mediocre most of the time, we should also resist the urge to produce more sandwich papers (just because we could do it, it does not mean we should do it). More importantly, there are also those precious moments when we strive for an original idea or stumble upon a potentially groundbreaking discovery that would need a lot of hard work and “soul searching” from us. Let us cherish such opportunities and prepare a nice manuscript with an interesting soul. Such hard work is well worth it, because you (the authors) will be proud and the readers will appreciate it! And we look forward to receiving the fruits of such labor as manuscripts at ACS Energy Letters!
Thank you for indulging me to ramble this far. Now we can go back to more soul searching in the lab.
Author Information
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- Song Jin, Senior Editor, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin─Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States,
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8693-7010,
Acknowledgments
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The author sincerely thanks Drs. Prashant Kamat, Jinsong Huang and Sergey Shmakov for providing valuable feedback.
References
Click to copy section linkSection link copied!
This article references 11 other publications.
- 1Kamat, P. V. 2021 Citation Analysis of Energy Journals. ACS Energy Letters 2022, 7, 2833– 2834, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01701Google Scholar12021 Citation Analysis of Energy JournalsKamat, Prashant V.ACS Energy Letters (2022), 7 (8), 2833-2834CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 2Chen, J.; Park, N.-G. Materials and Methods for Interface Engineering toward Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Energy Letters 2020, 5, 2742– 2786, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01240Google Scholar2Materials and Methods for Interface Engineering toward Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar CellsChen, Jiangzhao; Park, Nam-GyuACS Energy Letters (2020), 5 (8), 2742-2786CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)A review. Because interfacial nonradiative recombination (NRR) has a significant effect on device performance, the minimization of interfacial NRR losses through interface engineering esp. for perovskite-related interfaces is key to achieving efficient, stable, and hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In light of important contributions of interface engineering to rapid development of PSCs, a systematic investigation and anal. on the latest research advancements on interface engineering is urgently needed. This review aims at providing innovative insights into further improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) toward the Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency and stability fulfilling com. available std. protocols as well as redn. of hysteresis. In this review, the roles and importance of interfaces in PSCs are first highlighted from the viewpoint of device structure, working principles, and interfacial carrier dynamics. The main origins (i.e., interface defects, imperfect energy level alignment (ELA), and interfacial reactions) of interfacial NRR are then discussed in detail along with characterization techniques. Subsequently, the effects of interfacial NRR on PCE, stability, and hysteresis are investigated. Strategies for mitigating interfacial NRR are provided in terms of defect passivation, ELA modulation, and suppression of interfacial reaction, where the crit. roles of functional groups of interface modifiers are emphasized. Finally, an outlook is provided for efficient, hysteresis-free, and long-term operationally stable PSCs achievable via interface engineering.
- 3Jena, A. K.; Kulkarni, A.; Miyasaka, T. Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics: Background, Status, and Future Prospects. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 3036– 3103, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00539Google Scholar3Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics: Background, Status, and Future ProspectsJena, Ajay Kumar; Kulkarni, Ashish; Miyasaka, TsutomuChemical Reviews (Washington, DC, United States) (2019), 119 (5), 3036-3103CODEN: CHREAY; ISSN:0009-2665. (American Chemical Society)The photovoltaics of org.-inorg. lead halide perovskite materials have shown rapid improvements in solar cell performance, surpassing the top efficiency of semiconductor compds. such as CdTe and CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) used in solar cells in just about a decade. Perovskite prepn. via simple and inexpensive soln. processes demonstrates the immense potential of this thin-film solar cell technol. to become a low-cost alternative to the presently com. available photovoltaic technologies. Significant developments in almost all aspects of perovskite solar cells and discoveries of some fascinating properties of such hybrid perovskites have been made recently. This Review describes the fundamentals, recent research progress, present status, and our views on future prospects of perovskite-based photovoltaics, with discussions focused on strategies to improve both intrinsic and extrinsic (environmental) stabilities of high-efficiency devices. Strategies and challenges regarding compositional engineering of the hybrid perovskite structure are discussed, including potentials for developing all-inorg. and lead-free perovskite materials. Looking at the latest cutting-edge research, the prospects for perovskite-based photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices, including non-photovoltaic applications such as X-ray detectors and image sensing devices in industrialization, are described. In addn. to the aforementioned major topics, we also review, as a background, our encounter with perovskite materials for the first solar cell application, which should inspire young researchers in chem. and physics to identify and work on challenging interdisciplinary research problems through exchanges between academia and industry.
- 4Sun, Y.-K. An Experimental Checklist for Reporting Battery Performances. ACS Energy Letters 2021, 6, 2187– 2189, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00870Google Scholar4An Experimental Checklist for Reporting Battery PerformancesSun, Yang-KookACS Energy Letters (2021), 6 (6), 2187-2189CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 5Albertus, P.; Anandan, V.; Ban, C.; Balsara, N.; Belharouak, I.; Buettner-Garrett, J.; Chen, Z.; Daniel, C.; Doeff, M.; Dudney, N. J.; Dunn, B.; Harris, S. J.; Herle, S.; Herbert, E.; Kalnaus, S.; Libera, J. A.; Lu, D.; Martin, S.; McCloskey, B. D.; McDowell, M. T.; Meng, Y. S.; Nanda, J.; Sakamoto, J.; Self, E. C.; Tepavcevic, S.; Wachsman, E.; Wang, C.; Westover, A. S.; Xiao, J.; Yersak, T. Challenges for and Pathways toward Li-Metal-Based All-Solid-State Batteries. ACS Energy Letters 2021, 6, 1399– 1404, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00445Google Scholar5Challenges for and Pathways toward Li-Metal-Based All-Solid-State BatteriesAlbertus, Paul; Anandan, Venkataramani; Ban, Chunmei; Balsara, Nitash; Belharouak, Ilias; Buettner-Garrett, Josh; Chen, Zonghai; Daniel, Claus; Doeff, Marca; Dudney, Nancy J.; Dunn, Bruce; Harris, Stephen J.; Herle, Subramanya; Herbert, Eric; Kalnaus, Sergiy; Libera, Joesph A.; Lu, Dongping; Martin, Steve; McCloskey, Bryan D.; McDowell, Matthew T.; Meng, Y. Shirley; Nanda, Jagjit; Sakamoto, Jeff; Self, Ethan C.; Tepavcevic, Sanja; Wachsman, Eric; Wang, Chunsheng; Westover, Andrew S.; Xiao, Jie; Yersak, ThomasACS Energy Letters (2021), 6 (4), 1399-1404CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)A review. Solid-state batteries hold great promise for high-energy batteries for elec. vehicles and other applications. While the potential is great, success is contingent on solving crit. challenges in materials science, processing science, and fabrication of practical full cells. This focus article has outlined several key challenges in the hope that they will encourage and inspire solns. and the eventual realization of high-energy solid-state batteries.
- 6Park, E. J.; Arges, C. G.; Xu, H.; Kim, Y. S. Membrane Strategies for Water Electrolysis. ACS Energy Letters 2022, 7, 3447– 3457, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01609Google Scholar6Membrane Strategies for Water ElectrolysisPark, Eun Joo; Arges, Christopher G.; Xu, Hui; Kim, Yu SeungACS Energy Letters (2022), 7 (10), 3447-3457CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)A review. Hydrogen holds great promise as a clean energy resource to help the global carbon-free energy goal. Green hydrogen prodn. from renewable energy-powered water electrolysis can decarbonize hard-to-abate industries and transport applications. Ion-exchange membranes are an essential component of membrane-based water electrolysis, enabling high hydrogen prodn. efficiency through a zero-gap configuration. While perfluorosulfonic acids are the std. polymer electrolyte membrane material, research efforts for membrane alternatives have increased over the years to drive down the cost of electrolyzers and improve devices' durability without sacrificing performance and efficiency. Here we present our perspectives on acidic, alk., and bipolar membranes for water electrolyzers and discuss future research directions to develop advanced membranes for green hydrogen prodn. technol.
- 7Kamat, P. V. The Lost Art of Composing Single-Panel Figures. ACS Energy Letters 2022, 7, 2407– 2409, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01441Google Scholar7The Lost Art of Composing Single-Panel FiguresKamat, Prashant V.ACS Energy Letters (2022), 7 (7), 2407-2409CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 8Kamat, P. V.; Buriak, J. M.; Schatz, G. C.; Weiss, P. S. Mastering the Art of Scientific Publication. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 3519– 3521, DOI: 10.1021/jz502010vGoogle Scholar8Mastering the Art of Scientific PublicationKamat, Prashant V.; Buriak, Jillian M.; Schatz, George C.; Weiss, Paul S.Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (2014), 5 (20), 3519-3521CODEN: JPCLCD; ISSN:1948-7185. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 9Kamat, P.; Hartland, G. V.; Schatz, G. C. Graphical Excellence. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 2118– 2120, DOI: 10.1021/jz500997eGoogle Scholar9Graphical ExcellenceKamat Prashant; Kamat Prashant; Hartland Gregory V; Hartland Gregory V; Schatz George C; Schatz George C; Kamat Prashant; Hartland Gregory V; Schatz George CThe journal of physical chemistry letters (2014), 5 (12), 2118-20 ISSN:.There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 10Kamat, P. V. Five Key Attributes of an Effective Title. ACS Energy Letters 2021, 6, 1857– 1858, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00755Google Scholar10Five Key Attributes of an Effective TitleKamat, Prashant V.ACS Energy Letters (2021), 6 (5), 1857-1858CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 11Wyndham, J. M.; Anderson, M. S.; Hinkins, S.; Ericsen, J.; Olson, A.; Jeske, M.; Liu, R.; Weeding, J.; Jaffe, R. The Social Responsibilities of Scientists and Engineers: A View from Within; AAAS, 2021.Google ScholarThere is no corresponding record for this reference.
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Figure 1
Figure 1. Sandwich analogy for configuring various energy devices and for producing some energy device papers. (Image source: Shutterstock)
References
This article references 11 other publications.
- 1Kamat, P. V. 2021 Citation Analysis of Energy Journals. ACS Energy Letters 2022, 7, 2833– 2834, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c0170112021 Citation Analysis of Energy JournalsKamat, Prashant V.ACS Energy Letters (2022), 7 (8), 2833-2834CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 2Chen, J.; Park, N.-G. Materials and Methods for Interface Engineering toward Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Energy Letters 2020, 5, 2742– 2786, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c012402Materials and Methods for Interface Engineering toward Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar CellsChen, Jiangzhao; Park, Nam-GyuACS Energy Letters (2020), 5 (8), 2742-2786CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)A review. Because interfacial nonradiative recombination (NRR) has a significant effect on device performance, the minimization of interfacial NRR losses through interface engineering esp. for perovskite-related interfaces is key to achieving efficient, stable, and hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In light of important contributions of interface engineering to rapid development of PSCs, a systematic investigation and anal. on the latest research advancements on interface engineering is urgently needed. This review aims at providing innovative insights into further improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) toward the Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency and stability fulfilling com. available std. protocols as well as redn. of hysteresis. In this review, the roles and importance of interfaces in PSCs are first highlighted from the viewpoint of device structure, working principles, and interfacial carrier dynamics. The main origins (i.e., interface defects, imperfect energy level alignment (ELA), and interfacial reactions) of interfacial NRR are then discussed in detail along with characterization techniques. Subsequently, the effects of interfacial NRR on PCE, stability, and hysteresis are investigated. Strategies for mitigating interfacial NRR are provided in terms of defect passivation, ELA modulation, and suppression of interfacial reaction, where the crit. roles of functional groups of interface modifiers are emphasized. Finally, an outlook is provided for efficient, hysteresis-free, and long-term operationally stable PSCs achievable via interface engineering.
- 3Jena, A. K.; Kulkarni, A.; Miyasaka, T. Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics: Background, Status, and Future Prospects. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 3036– 3103, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b005393Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics: Background, Status, and Future ProspectsJena, Ajay Kumar; Kulkarni, Ashish; Miyasaka, TsutomuChemical Reviews (Washington, DC, United States) (2019), 119 (5), 3036-3103CODEN: CHREAY; ISSN:0009-2665. (American Chemical Society)The photovoltaics of org.-inorg. lead halide perovskite materials have shown rapid improvements in solar cell performance, surpassing the top efficiency of semiconductor compds. such as CdTe and CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) used in solar cells in just about a decade. Perovskite prepn. via simple and inexpensive soln. processes demonstrates the immense potential of this thin-film solar cell technol. to become a low-cost alternative to the presently com. available photovoltaic technologies. Significant developments in almost all aspects of perovskite solar cells and discoveries of some fascinating properties of such hybrid perovskites have been made recently. This Review describes the fundamentals, recent research progress, present status, and our views on future prospects of perovskite-based photovoltaics, with discussions focused on strategies to improve both intrinsic and extrinsic (environmental) stabilities of high-efficiency devices. Strategies and challenges regarding compositional engineering of the hybrid perovskite structure are discussed, including potentials for developing all-inorg. and lead-free perovskite materials. Looking at the latest cutting-edge research, the prospects for perovskite-based photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices, including non-photovoltaic applications such as X-ray detectors and image sensing devices in industrialization, are described. In addn. to the aforementioned major topics, we also review, as a background, our encounter with perovskite materials for the first solar cell application, which should inspire young researchers in chem. and physics to identify and work on challenging interdisciplinary research problems through exchanges between academia and industry.
- 4Sun, Y.-K. An Experimental Checklist for Reporting Battery Performances. ACS Energy Letters 2021, 6, 2187– 2189, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c008704An Experimental Checklist for Reporting Battery PerformancesSun, Yang-KookACS Energy Letters (2021), 6 (6), 2187-2189CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 5Albertus, P.; Anandan, V.; Ban, C.; Balsara, N.; Belharouak, I.; Buettner-Garrett, J.; Chen, Z.; Daniel, C.; Doeff, M.; Dudney, N. J.; Dunn, B.; Harris, S. J.; Herle, S.; Herbert, E.; Kalnaus, S.; Libera, J. A.; Lu, D.; Martin, S.; McCloskey, B. D.; McDowell, M. T.; Meng, Y. S.; Nanda, J.; Sakamoto, J.; Self, E. C.; Tepavcevic, S.; Wachsman, E.; Wang, C.; Westover, A. S.; Xiao, J.; Yersak, T. Challenges for and Pathways toward Li-Metal-Based All-Solid-State Batteries. ACS Energy Letters 2021, 6, 1399– 1404, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c004455Challenges for and Pathways toward Li-Metal-Based All-Solid-State BatteriesAlbertus, Paul; Anandan, Venkataramani; Ban, Chunmei; Balsara, Nitash; Belharouak, Ilias; Buettner-Garrett, Josh; Chen, Zonghai; Daniel, Claus; Doeff, Marca; Dudney, Nancy J.; Dunn, Bruce; Harris, Stephen J.; Herle, Subramanya; Herbert, Eric; Kalnaus, Sergiy; Libera, Joesph A.; Lu, Dongping; Martin, Steve; McCloskey, Bryan D.; McDowell, Matthew T.; Meng, Y. Shirley; Nanda, Jagjit; Sakamoto, Jeff; Self, Ethan C.; Tepavcevic, Sanja; Wachsman, Eric; Wang, Chunsheng; Westover, Andrew S.; Xiao, Jie; Yersak, ThomasACS Energy Letters (2021), 6 (4), 1399-1404CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)A review. Solid-state batteries hold great promise for high-energy batteries for elec. vehicles and other applications. While the potential is great, success is contingent on solving crit. challenges in materials science, processing science, and fabrication of practical full cells. This focus article has outlined several key challenges in the hope that they will encourage and inspire solns. and the eventual realization of high-energy solid-state batteries.
- 6Park, E. J.; Arges, C. G.; Xu, H.; Kim, Y. S. Membrane Strategies for Water Electrolysis. ACS Energy Letters 2022, 7, 3447– 3457, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c016096Membrane Strategies for Water ElectrolysisPark, Eun Joo; Arges, Christopher G.; Xu, Hui; Kim, Yu SeungACS Energy Letters (2022), 7 (10), 3447-3457CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)A review. Hydrogen holds great promise as a clean energy resource to help the global carbon-free energy goal. Green hydrogen prodn. from renewable energy-powered water electrolysis can decarbonize hard-to-abate industries and transport applications. Ion-exchange membranes are an essential component of membrane-based water electrolysis, enabling high hydrogen prodn. efficiency through a zero-gap configuration. While perfluorosulfonic acids are the std. polymer electrolyte membrane material, research efforts for membrane alternatives have increased over the years to drive down the cost of electrolyzers and improve devices' durability without sacrificing performance and efficiency. Here we present our perspectives on acidic, alk., and bipolar membranes for water electrolyzers and discuss future research directions to develop advanced membranes for green hydrogen prodn. technol.
- 7Kamat, P. V. The Lost Art of Composing Single-Panel Figures. ACS Energy Letters 2022, 7, 2407– 2409, DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c014417The Lost Art of Composing Single-Panel FiguresKamat, Prashant V.ACS Energy Letters (2022), 7 (7), 2407-2409CODEN: AELCCP; ISSN:2380-8195. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 8Kamat, P. V.; Buriak, J. M.; Schatz, G. C.; Weiss, P. S. Mastering the Art of Scientific Publication. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 3519– 3521, DOI: 10.1021/jz502010v8Mastering the Art of Scientific PublicationKamat, Prashant V.; Buriak, Jillian M.; Schatz, George C.; Weiss, Paul S.Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (2014), 5 (20), 3519-3521CODEN: JPCLCD; ISSN:1948-7185. (American Chemical Society)There is no expanded citation for this reference.
- 9Kamat, P.; Hartland, G. V.; Schatz, G. C. Graphical Excellence. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 2118– 2120, DOI: 10.1021/jz500997e9Graphical ExcellenceKamat Prashant; Kamat Prashant; Hartland Gregory V; Hartland Gregory V; Schatz George C; Schatz George C; Kamat Prashant; Hartland Gregory V; Schatz George CThe journal of physical chemistry letters (2014), 5 (12), 2118-20 ISSN:.There is no expanded citation for this reference.
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