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Synchronous Generation of Electrical and Cellular Energies via Body-Mediated Energy Transfer: Inevitable Electric Field Concentration

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    Synchronous Generation of Electrical and Cellular Energies via Body-Mediated Energy Transfer: Inevitable Electric Field Concentration
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    • Hyungseok Yong
      Hyungseok Yong
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
      Chemical Materials Solutions Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
      More by Hyungseok Yong
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1176-4092
    • Hyeonhui Song
      Hyeonhui Song
      School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
      Barunbio Inc., 49, Achasan-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04790, Republic of Korea
      More by Hyeonhui Song
    • Dongchang Kim
      Dongchang Kim
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      More by Dongchang Kim
    • Juneil Park
      Juneil Park
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      More by Juneil Park
    • Deokjae Heo
      Deokjae Heo
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      More by Deokjae Heo
    • Kyunghwan Cha
      Kyunghwan Cha
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      More by Kyunghwan Cha
    • Myunghwan Song
      Myunghwan Song
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      More by Myunghwan Song
    • Sungwon Jung
      Sungwon Jung
      School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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    • Woo Jin Choi
      Woo Jin Choi
      Chemical Materials Solutions Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
      More by Woo Jin Choi
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1173-2365
    • Patrick T. J. Hwang
      Patrick T. J. Hwang
      Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
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    • Sunghan Kim
      Sunghan Kim
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      More by Sunghan Kim
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0597-5512
    • Woochul Nam
      Woochul Nam
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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    • Giuk Lee
      Giuk Lee
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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    • Jinkee Hong*
      Jinkee Hong
      School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
      *[email protected]
      More by Jinkee Hong
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-8536
    • Sangmin Lee*
      Sangmin Lee
      School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjack-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
      *[email protected]
      More by Sangmin Lee
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-4797
    Other Access OptionsSupporting Information (2)

    ACS Energy Letters

    Cite this: ACS Energy Lett. 2023, 8, 7, 2954–2961
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00708
    Published June 9, 2023
    Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    The effect of body-mediated energy transfer and harvesting on biological tissues has not been considered yet. We demonstrate through clinical protocols that body-mediated energy harvesting concentrates inevitable and local electric fields in biological tissues, which reduces muscle fatigue (6.4%, P-value = 0.020). The waveform (AC and DC) and intensity (∼3000 mV/mm) of these electric fields can be adjusted by controlling several variables (grounding method, external resistance, charging capacitor) depending on the purpose (usefulness, energy strength) without using any additional battery or wiring. Moreover, the harvested energy can be used to operate small electronic devices semipermanently. These findings indicate that body-mediated energy harvesting is a promising solution for powering wearable technologies and as a noninvasive treatment for harvesting energy and stimulating biological tissues synchronously.

    Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00708.

    • Experimental details of materials and methods; loss potential generators; fabrication of wearable device; EMG devices; experimental setup for measurements of energy strength ex vivo and in the human body; electric field simulation; statistical analysis; and calf-raise test method for muscle fatigue exercise, including Figures S1–S17 (PDF)

    • Movie S1: Clinical protocols with FG and EMG sensors while calf-raising (MP4)

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    ACS Energy Letters

    Cite this: ACS Energy Lett. 2023, 8, 7, 2954–2961
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00708
    Published June 9, 2023
    Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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