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Selective and Efficient Phosphate Removal Using Ca–La Layered Double Hydroxide-Functionalized Sludge Biochar

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    Selective and Efficient Phosphate Removal Using Ca–La Layered Double Hydroxide-Functionalized Sludge Biochar
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    • Fanglin He
      Fanglin He
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
      More by Fanglin He
    • Yuhang Cao
      Yuhang Cao
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
      More by Yuhang Cao
    • Yehang Wu
      Yehang Wu
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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    • Hang Chen
      Hang Chen
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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    • Fu Huang
      Fu Huang
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
      More by Fu Huang
    • Ming Chang*
      Ming Chang
      Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Research Center for Ecology and Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510530, China
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Ming Chang
    • Chaohai Wei
      Chaohai Wei
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
      Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration in Industrial Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
      Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China
      More by Chaohai Wei
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4240-6442
    • Guanglei Qiu*
      Guanglei Qiu
      School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
      Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration in Industrial Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China
      Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China
      *Email: [email protected]
      More by Guanglei Qiu
      Orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1769-3494
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    ACS ES&T Water

    Cite this: ACS EST Water 2024, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXX
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00617
    Published November 4, 2024
    © 2024 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Effective and sustainable removal of low-concentration phosphate is imperative but challenging for advanced wastewater treatment. Additionally, an eco-friendly and cost-effective treatment and reuse of waste activated sludge is critical. To address these problems, sludge-biochar-based phosphate adsorbents were developed by pyrolyzing waste activated sludge and then functionalizing with Ca–La layered double hydroxide (LDH). The LDH’s structure and adsorption characteristics were optimized by substituting the intercalated ion CO32– with NO3–. A maximal phosphorus adsorption capacity of 78.24 mg of P/g was achieved. Adsorption kinetics showed that 0.2 g/L functionalized sludge biochar effectively lowered PO43––P concentration from 7.0 to <0.02 mg/L within 2 h. The functionalized sludge biochar showed desirable phosphate (7 mg/L) selectivity toward coexisting anions such as sulfate (120 mg/L) and carbonate (250 mg/L), resulting in barely impacted adsorption capabilities. After 4 repetitive adsorption-regeneration experiments, 65.1% adsorption capacity remained. The functionalized sludge biochar was used to remove phosphate from a local wastewater treatment plant. The PO43––P concentration effectively decreased from 1.29 to <0.02 mg/L within 1 h. The promising selectivity and stability of the functionalized sludge biochar are due mostly to selective chemisorption, ion exchange, and phosphate complexation in the inner layer.

    © 2024 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00617.

    • Adsorption isotherms and kinetic models; thermodynamic calculations; methods for LDH and its functionalized biochar characterizations; related materials and their phosphate adsorption capacities in previous reports; adsorption kinetic, thermodynamic and isotherm calculation, and fitting results; mesoporous analysis results, heavy metal contents, and leaching potentials; SEM and elemental mapping; adsorption isotherm fittings and Zeta potential characterizations; and adsorption and regeneration device (PDF)

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    ACS ES&T Water

    Cite this: ACS EST Water 2024, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXX
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.4c00617
    Published November 4, 2024
    © 2024 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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