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High Detectivity Near Infrared Organic Photodetectors Using an Asymmetric Non-Fullerene Acceptor for Optimal Nanomorphology and Suppressed Dark Current

  • Jong-Woon Ha
    Jong-Woon Ha
    Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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  • Ah Young Lee
    Ah Young Lee
    Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
    More by Ah Young Lee
  • Hyeong Ju Eun
    Hyeong Ju Eun
    Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
  • Jae-Hyun Kim
    Jae-Hyun Kim
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
    More by Jae-Hyun Kim
  • Hyungju Ahn
    Hyungju Ahn
    Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
    More by Hyungju Ahn
  • Sungjun Park
    Sungjun Park
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
    More by Sungjun Park
  • Changjin Lee
    Changjin Lee
    Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
    More by Changjin Lee
  • Deok Won Seo
    Deok Won Seo
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
    More by Deok Won Seo
  • Junseok Heo
    Junseok Heo
    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
    More by Junseok Heo
  • Sung Cheol Yoon*
    Sung Cheol Yoon
    Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
    *(S.C.Y.) Email: [email protected]
  • Seo-Jin Ko*
    Seo-Jin Ko
    Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
    *(S.-J.K.) Email: [email protected]
    More by Seo-Jin Ko
  • , and 
  • Jong H. Kim*
    Jong H. Kim
    Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
    *(J.H.K.) Email: [email protected]
    More by Jong H. Kim
Cite this: ACS Nano 2023, 17, 19, 18792–18804
Publication Date (Web):October 2, 2023
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.3c03171
Copyright © 2023 American Chemical Society

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    Abstract

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    Recently, the development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) for near-infrared (NIR) organic photodetectors (OPDs) has attracted great interest due to their excellent NIR light absorption properties. Herein, we developed NFAs by substituting an electron-donating moiety (branched alkoxy thiophene (BAT)) asymmetrically (YOR1) and symmetrically (YOR2) for the Y6 framework. YOR1 exhibited nanoscale phase separation in a film blended with PTB7-Th. Moreover, substituting the BAT unit effectively extended the absorption wavelengths of YOR1 over 1000 nm by efficient intramolecular charge transfer and extension of the conjugation length. Consequently, YOR1-OPD exhibited significantly reduced dark current and improved responsivity by simultaneously satisfying optimal nanomorphology and significant suppression of charge recombination, resulting in 1.98 × 1013 and 3.38 × 1012 Jones specific detectivity at 950 and 1000 nm, respectively. Moreover, we successfully demonstrated the application of YOR1-OPD in highly sensitive photoplethysmography sensors using NIR light. This study suggests a strategic approach for boosting the overall performance of NIR OPDs targeting a 1000 nm light signal using an all-in-one (optimal morphology, suppressed dark current, and extended NIR absorption wavelength) NFA.

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.3c03171.

    • 1HNMR, 13CNMR, MALDI-TOF spectra, TGA, DSC, CV curves, DFT-calculated frontier molecular orbitals, AFM images, EQE curves, PL spectra, EIS measurement, dark current distribution, noise spectral density, noise equivalent power spectra, TEM images, GIXD results, and photodetector properties under various fabrication conditions (PDF)

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