Light-Activated Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Spatiotemporally Specific Treatment of Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
- Qingshuo MengQingshuo MengState Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaMore by Qingshuo Meng,
- Jia MengJia MengState Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaMore by Jia Meng,
- Wei RanWei RanState Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaMore by Wei Ran,
- Junyang WangJunyang WangState Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaJilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, ChinaMore by Junyang Wang,
- Yihui ZhaiYihui ZhaiState Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaMore by Yihui Zhai,
- Pengcheng Zhang*Pengcheng Zhang*E-mail: [email protected]State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaMore by Pengcheng Zhang, and
- Yaping Li*Yaping Li*E-mail: [email protected]State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaMore by Yaping Li
Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors are heterogeneous, with mesenchymal-like cells at their core and fast proliferating cells on the periphery. It is desirable and beneficial to treat TNBC cells of different phenotypes with the most appropriate drugs. Here, we report a 78 nm, chlorin e6-, docetaxel-, and anti-Twist siRNA-containing polymeric nanoparticle (CDTN) with spatiotemporally specific activity when irradiated by light. Under conditions mimicking superficial tumor tissue with sufficient light input, TNBC cells are mainly killed by the photodynamic therapy (PDT) function of CDTNs. In contrast, under conditions mimicking deep tumor tissue with weak light input, PDT potentiates chemotherapy (CT) and gene therapy (GT) by facilitating the endolysosomal escape of CDTNs. Compared with free drugs, CDTNs improve the intratumoral exposure of docetaxel and anti-Twist siRNA by 2.5- and 2-fold, respectively. When combined with laser irradiation applied at the time of maximal intratumoral accumulation, the CDTNs significantly inhibit the growth of primary tumors and their lung metastasis (both >80%) by killing the peripheral cells, mainly through PDT and prohibiting the growth and metastasis of deep cells through PDT as enhanced CT and GT. On the contrary, dual-modality nanomedicine lacking CT, GT, or PDT showed fast primary tumor growth, poor metastasis control, or both, respectively. This study reveals the spatiotemporally specific mechanism of CDTNs in treating metastatic TNBC and highlights the importance of combined therapy in treating TNBC.
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