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Enhanced near-Infrared Photoresponse from Nanoscale Ag-Au Alloyed Films

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    Enhanced near-Infrared Photoresponse from Nanoscale Ag-Au Alloyed Films
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    • Lisa J. Krayer
      Lisa J. Krayer
      Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering  and  Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
      More by Lisa J. Krayer
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-226X
    • Kevin J. Palm
      Kevin J. Palm
      Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics  and  Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
      More by Kevin J. Palm
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4066-4584
    • Chen Gong
      Chen Gong
      Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics  and  Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
      More by Chen Gong
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3302-7675
    • Alberto Torres
      Alberto Torres
      Instituto de Física Teórica, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, SP 01140-070, Brazil
      More by Alberto Torres
    • Cesar E. P. Villegas
      Cesar E. P. Villegas
      Instituto de Física Teórica, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, SP 01140-070, Brazil
      Departamento de Ciências, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima 15314, Peru
      More by Cesar E. P. Villegas
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2675-1331
    • Alexandre R. Rocha
      Alexandre R. Rocha
      Instituto de Física Teórica, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, SP 01140-070, Brazil
      More by Alexandre R. Rocha
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-6947
    • Marina S. Leite
      Marina S. Leite
      Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics  and  Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
      Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
      More by Marina S. Leite
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4888-8195
    • Jeremy N. Munday*
      Jeremy N. Munday
      Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering  and  Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
      Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
      *E-mail: [email protected]
      More by Jeremy N. Munday
      Orcidhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-9876
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    ACS Photonics

    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2020, 7, 7, 1689–1698
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00140
    Published May 28, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Alloying of metals provides a vast parameter space for tuning of material, chemical, and mechanical properties, impacting disciplines ranging from photonics and catalysis to aerospace. From an optical point-of-view, pure thin metal films yield enhanced light absorption due to their cavity effects. However, an ideal metal–semiconductor photodetector requires not only high absorption, but also long hot carrier attenuation lengths in order to efficiently collect excited carriers. Here we demonstrate that Ag-Au alloys provide an ideal model system for controlling the optical and electrical responses in nanoscale thin metal films for hot carrier photodetectors with improved performance. While pure Ag and Au have long hot carrier attenuation lengths >20 nm, their optical absorption is insufficient for high efficiency devices. Instead, we find that alloying Ag and Au enhances the absorption by ∼50% while maintaining attenuation lengths >15 nm, currently limited by grain boundary scattering, although the electron attenuation length of pure Au outperforms pure Ag as well as all of the alloys investigated here. Further, our density functional theory analysis shows that the addition of small amounts of Au to the Ag lattice significantly enhances the hot hole generation rate. Combined, these findings suggest a route to high efficiency hot carrier devices based on metallic alloying with potential applications ranging from photodetectors and sensors to improved catalytic materials.

    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00140.

    • EDS results, modeled and measured refractive index of AuAg alloys, quasi-random super cell arrangement used for DFT calculations, hot carrier distribution for various wavelengths for the alloys and pure metals, SEM images of Ag and Ag59Au41 deposited on silicon, fits to Fowler yield, recorded IV curves for each alloy thickness, ideality factors and barrier heights for each film thickness, optical properties of all metal films, reflectivity, transmission, and absorption for all metal films, barrier heights, crystal size, and RMS roughness of metal films, and X-ray diffraction data for all alloys (PDF)

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    Cited By

    Click to copy section linkSection link copied!

    This article is cited by 15 publications.

    1. Matej Bubaš, Jordi Sancho-Parramon. Hot Carrier Distribution Engineering by Alloying: Picking Elements for the Desired Purposes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2024, 128 (9) , 3924-3934. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c07135
    2. Federico Pini, Roberto Pilot, Gloria Ischia, Stefano Agnoli, Vincenzo Amendola. Au–Ag Alloy Nanocorals with Optimal Broadband Absorption for Sunlight-Driven Thermoplasmonic Applications. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2022, 14 (25) , 28924-28935. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c05983
    3. Cesar E. P. Villegas, Alexandre R. Rocha. Near-Infrared Optical Response and Carrier Dynamics for High Photoconversion in Tellurene. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2022, 126 (14) , 6129-6134. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10526
    4. Matej Bubaš, Jordi Sancho-Parramon. DFT-Based Approach Enables Deliberate Tuning of Alloy Nanostructure Plasmonic Properties. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2021, 125 (43) , 24032-24042. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c05910
    5. Dashuang Ding, Junhui Wang, Jing Ren, Youbao Sang, Liping Duo, Shaoqian Zhang, Yuqi Jin. Enhanced Luminescence by SPR-Induced Hot Electron Injection in Hybrid Au and Ga2O3:Ni Nanoglass Ceramics. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2020, 124 (42) , 23394-23399. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c06650
    6. Eklavya Thareja, Kevin M McPeak, Phillip T Sprunger, Ilya Vekhter, William A Shelton. Trends in hot carrier distribution for disordered noble-transition metal alloys. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2024, 36 (33) , 335701. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/ad4840
    7. Yi-Ming Zhao, Xian-Gang Hu, Chao Chen, Zuo-Hua Wang, An-Ping Wu, Hong-Wang Zhang, Peng-Xiang Hou, Chang Liu, Hui-Ming Cheng. Plasmon-enhanced ultra-high photoresponse of single-wall carbon nanotube/copper/silicon near-infrared photodetectors. Nano Research 2024, 17 (7) , 5930-5936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6612-7
    8. Tingting Liu, Qianjun Wang, Cheng Zhang, Xiaofeng Li, Jun Hu. High performance of hot-carrier generation, transport and injection in TiN/TiO2 junction. Frontiers of Physics 2022, 17 (5) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-022-1171-4
    9. Yan Zhang, Jian Liu, Young Soo Kang, Xiao Li Zhang. Silver based photocatalysts in emerging applications. Nanoscale 2022, 14 (33) , 11909-11922. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR02665A
    10. Cheng Zhang, Yu Luo, Stefan A. Maier, Xiaofeng Li. Recent Progress and Future Opportunities for Hot Carrier Photodetectors: From Ultraviolet to Infrared Bands. Laser & Photonics Reviews 2022, 16 (6) https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202100714
    11. Cesar E. P. Villegas, Marina S. Leite, Andrea Marini, Alexandre R. Rocha. Efficient hot-carrier dynamics in near-infrared photocatalytic metals. Physical Review B 2022, 105 (16) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.165109
    12. Sushant Kumar, Adela Habib, Ravishankar Sundararaman. Plasmonic hot carriers scratch the surface. Trends in Chemistry 2021, 3 (11) , 902-910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2021.08.006
    13. Rida Shahzadi Haider, Shengyang Wang, Yuying Gao, Anum Shahid Malik, Na Ta, Hao Li, Bin Zeng, Michel Dupuis, Fengtao Fan, Can Li. Boosting photocatalytic water oxidation by surface plasmon resonance of AgxAu1−x alloy nanoparticles. Nano Energy 2021, 87 , 106189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106189
    14. Tao Gong, Peifen Lyu, Kevin J. Palm, Sarvenaz Memarzadeh, Jeremy N. Munday, Marina S. Leite. Emergent Opportunities with Metallic Alloys: From Material Design to Optical Devices. Advanced Optical Materials 2020, 8 (23) https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202001082
    15. Sarvenaz Memarzadeh, Kevin J. Palm, Thomas E. Murphy, Marina S. Leite, Jeremy N. Munday. Control of hot-carrier relaxation time in Au-Ag thin films through alloying. Optics Express 2020, 28 (22) , 33528. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.406093
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    ACS Photonics

    Cite this: ACS Photonics 2020, 7, 7, 1689–1698
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00140
    Published May 28, 2020
    Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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