Photon Acceleration Using a Time-Varying Epsilon-near-Zero Metasurface
- Cong Liu*Cong Liu*E-mail: [email protected]Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Cong Liu
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- M. Zahirul AlamM. Zahirul AlamDepartment of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaMore by M. Zahirul Alam
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- Kai PangKai PangDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Kai Pang
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- Karapet ManukyanKarapet ManukyanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Karapet Manukyan
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- Orad Reshef
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- Yiyu ZhouYiyu ZhouThe Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United StatesMore by Yiyu Zhou
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- Saumya ChoudharySaumya ChoudharyThe Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United StatesMore by Saumya Choudhary
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- Joel PatrowJoel PatrowDepartment of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Joel Patrow
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- Anuj PennathursAnuj PennathursDepartment of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Anuj Pennathurs
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- Hao SongHao SongDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Hao Song
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- Zhe ZhaoZhe ZhaoDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Zhe Zhao
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- Runzhou ZhangRunzhou ZhangDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Runzhou Zhang
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- Fatemeh AlishahiFatemeh AlishahiDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Fatemeh Alishahi
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- Ahmad FallahpourAhmad FallahpourDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Ahmad Fallahpour
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- Yinwen CaoYinwen CaoDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Yinwen Cao
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- Ahmed AlmaimanAhmed AlmaimanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Ahmed Almaiman
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- Jahan M. DawlatyJahan M. DawlatyDepartment of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Jahan M. Dawlaty
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- Moshe TurMoshe TurSchool of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, IsraelMore by Moshe Tur
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- Robert W. BoydRobert W. BoydDepartment of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaThe Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United StatesMore by Robert W. Boyd
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- Alan E. WillnerAlan E. WillnerDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United StatesMore by Alan E. Willner
Abstract
A light beam’s frequency can blueshift when the beam travels through a medium that exhibits a time-dependent decrease in the refractive index. Here we show that a metasurface made of a plasmonic antenna array on a thin indium tin oxide (ITO), which exhibits epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) response, can behave as a time-varying medium and change the frequency of a sufficiently strong light beam through self-action effect. Specifically, we observe that a near-resonant optical excitation of the 92 nm thick metasurface leads to an intensity-dependent blueshift of the excitation pulse. We measured a maximum blueshift of ∼1.6 THz with ∼4 GW/cm2 incident intensity. The observed effect using an ITO-based ENZ metasurface has an energy requirement that is up to 200× lower than implementations using ITO alone.
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