3D-Printed Flexible Microfluidic Health Monitor for In Situ Sweat Analysis and Biomarker DetectionClick to copy article linkArticle link copied!
- Chuchu ChenChuchu ChenSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Chuchu Chen
- Yonghao FuYonghao FuSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Yonghao Fu
- Sonja S. SparksSonja S. SparksSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Sonja S. Sparks
- Zhaoyuan LyuZhaoyuan LyuSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Zhaoyuan Lyu
- Arijit PradhanArijit PradhanSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Arijit Pradhan
- Shichao DingShichao DingSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Shichao Ding
- Narasimha BoddetiNarasimha BoddetiSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Narasimha Boddeti
- Yun LiuYun LiuResearch School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, AustraliaMore by Yun Liu
- Yuehe LinYuehe LinSchool of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Yuehe Lin
- Dan Du*Dan Du*Email: [email protected]School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Dan Du
- Kaiyan Qiu*Kaiyan Qiu*Email: [email protected]School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United StatesMore by Kaiyan Qiu
Abstract
Wearable sweat biosensors have shown great progress in noninvasive, in situ, and continuous health monitoring to demonstrate individuals’ physiological states. Advances in novel nanomaterials and fabrication methods promise to usher in a new era of wearable biosensors. Here, we introduce a three-dimensional (3D)-printed flexible wearable health monitor fabricated through a unique one-step continuous manufacturing process with self-supporting microfluidic channels and novel single-atom catalyst-based bioassays for measuring the sweat rate and concentration of three biomarkers. Direct ink writing is adapted to print the microfluidic device with self-supporting structures to harvest human sweat, which eliminates the need for removing sacrificial supporting materials and addresses the contamination and sweat evaporation issues associated with traditional sampling methods. Additionally, the pick-and-place strategy is employed during the printing process to accurately integrate the bioassays, improving manufacturing efficiency. A single-atom catalyst is developed and utilized in colorimetric bioassays to improve sensitivity and accuracy. A feasibility study on human skin successfully demonstrates the functionality and reliability of our health monitor, generating reliable and quantitative in situ results of sweat rate, glucose, lactate, and uric acid concentrations during physical exercise.
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