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    Simple Strategy for Producing Superhydrophobic Nanocomposite Coatings In Situ on a Building Substrate
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    TEP-243 Nanomaterials Group, Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
    *E-mail: [email protected]. Fax: +34-956016471. Tel: +34-956016331.
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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 15, 7517–7526
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/am401826g
    Published July 15, 2013
    Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    Numerous superhydrophobic materials have been developed in recent years by using a combination of two strategies: reducing the surface free energy and roughening the surface. Most of these procedures have the serious drawback of involving tedious multistage processes, which prevent their large-scale application, such as on the external stone and similar material surfaces of buildings exposed to the weather. This paper describes an innovative synthesis route for producing superhydrophobic surface coatings. The coating can even be produced, outdoors, on the building by a low-cost process. We demonstrate that the addition of silica nanoparticles to a mixture of organic and inorganic silica oligomers in the presence of a surfactant produces a coating of closely packed particles. The effect of this is to trap air beneath the water droplets, thus significantly minimizing the contact area between droplet and surface. The organic component reduces the surface free energy of the material, resulting in a high static contact angle. This has the effect of repelling water because the water droplets that form simply roll rapidly down the coated surface. The surfactant plays a valuable role, acting as a sol–gel transition catalyst and, by coarsening the pore structure of the gel network, prevents the coating material from cracking.

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    TEM image of the commercial OX-50 particles; videos of the water adhesion, repellence and soaking tests; and a table including water uptake, color and penetration depth data. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 15, 7517–7526
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/am401826g
    Published July 15, 2013
    Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society

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