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Solution-Processed Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticle Thin Film Aligned by an External Magnetostatic Field as a Hole Extraction Layer for Polymer Solar Cells

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College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
§ Bruker Nano Surfaces Division, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
*E-mail: [email protected]. Fax: (330) 972-3406.
Cite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 20, 10325–10330
Publication Date (Web):September 24, 2013
https://doi.org/10.1021/am4033179
Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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We report, for the first time, the effect of a solution-processed Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) thin film and a Fe3O4 MNP thin film aligned by an external magnetostatic field, used as a hole extraction layer (HEL), respectively, in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The thin film of a Fe3O4 MNP shows a smoother surface, better transparency, and higher electrical conductivity than that of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) thin layer. Moreover, the thin film of a Fe3O4 MNP aligned by an external magnetostatic field possesses an enhanced electrical conductivity and lower internal series resistance, thus leading to greater than 13% enhancement in the power conversion efficiency of PSCs than those using a PEDOT:PSS thin film. It was also found that PSCs incorporated with a Fe3O4 MNP shows better stability compared with those using PEDOT:PSS as an anode buffer layer. These results demonstrated that utilization of a Fe3O4 MNP as a HEL in PSCs blazes a trail to achieve highly efficient and long-time-stable devices.

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