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The Role of the Specificity-Determining Loop of the Integrin β Subunit I-like Domain in Autonomous Expression, Association with the α Subunit, and Ligand Binding

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    The Role of the Specificity-Determining Loop of the Integrin β Subunit I-like Domain in Autonomous Expression, Association with the α Subunit, and Ligand Binding†
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    The Center for Blood Research and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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    Biochemistry

    Cite this: Biochemistry 2002, 41, 13, 4339–4347
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/bi016047u
    Published March 8, 2002
    Copyright © 2002 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Integrin β subunits contain a highly conserved I-like domain that is known to be important for ligand binding. Unlike integrin I domains, the I-like domain requires integrin α and β subunit association for optimal folding. Pactolus is a novel gene product that is highly homologous to integrin β subunits but lacks associating α subunits [Chen, Y., Garrison, S., Weis, J. J., and Weis, J. H. (1998) J. Biol. Chem.273, 8711−8718] and a ∼30 amino acid segment corresponding to the specificity-determining loop (SDL) in the I-like domain. We find that the SDL is responsible for the defects in integrin β subunit expression and folding in the absence of α subunits. When transfected in the absence of α subunits into cells, extracellular domains of mutant β subunits lacking SDL, but not wild-type β subunits, were well secreted and contained immunoreactive I-like domains. The purified recombinant soluble β1 subunit with the SDL deletion showed an elongated shape in electron microscopy, consistent with its structure in αβ complexes. The SDL segment is not required for formation of α5β1, α4β1, αVβ3, and α6β4 heterodimers, but is essential for fomation of α6β1, αVβ1, and αLβ2 heterodimers, suggesting that usage of subunit interface residues is variable among integrins. The β1 SDL is required for ligand binding and for the formation of the epitope for the α5 monoclonal antibody 16 that maps to loop segments connecting blades 2 and 3 of β-propeller domain of α5, but is not essential for nearby β-propeller epitopes.

    Copyright © 2002 American Chemical Society

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    †

     This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant HL48675.

    *

     To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone:  (617) 278-3205, Fax:  (617) 278-3232, E-mail:  [email protected].

    ‡

     Harvard Medical School.

    §

     Duke University Medical Center.

    Cited By

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    Biochemistry

    Cite this: Biochemistry 2002, 41, 13, 4339–4347
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/bi016047u
    Published March 8, 2002
    Copyright © 2002 American Chemical Society
    Request reuse permissions

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