Phenylalanine 90 and 93 Are Localized within the Phenol Binding Site of Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A10 as Determined by Photoaffinity Labeling, Mass Spectrometry, and Site-Directed Mutagenesis†
- Yan Xiong
- ,
- Dan Bernardi
- ,
- Stacie Bratton
- ,
- Michael D. Ward
- ,
- Eric Battaglia
- ,
- Moshe Finel
- ,
- Richard R. Drake
- , and
- Anna Radominska-Pandya
Abstract

4-Azido-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-AzHBA), a novel photoactive benzoic acid derivative, has been synthesized and used as a photoprobe to identify the phenol binding site of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). Analysis of recombinant His-tag UGTs from the 1A family for their ability to glucuronidate p-nitrophenol (pNP) and 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) revealed that UGT1A10 shows high activity toward phenols and phenol derivatives. Purified UGT1A10 was photolabeled with 4-AzHBA, digested with trypsin, and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF)-mass spectrometry. A single modified peak corresponding to amino acid residues 89−98 (EFMVFHAQWK) of UGT1A10 was identified. The attachment site of the 4-AzHBA probe was localized to the quadruplet Phe90-Met91-Val92-Phe93 using ESI LC−MS/MS. Sequence alignment revealed that the Phe90 and Phe93 are conserved in UGT1A7−10. Site-directed mutagenesis of these two amino acids was then followed by kinetic analysis of the mutants with two phenolic substrates, pNP and 4-MU, containing one and two planar rings, respectively. Using the combination of photoaffinity labeling, enzymatic digestion, MALDI-TOF and LC-MS mass spectrometry, and site-directed mutagenesis, we have determined for the first time that Phe90 and Phe93 are directly involved in the catalytic activity of UGT1A10 toward 4-MU and pNP.
†
This work was supported in part by the NIH Grants DK51971, DK49715 (A.R.-P.), and CA908028 (R.R.D.), Tobacco Settlement Funds (A.R.-P.), and the Academy of Finland, Project 207535 (M.F.).
‡
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences.
§
Paul Verlaine University.
‖
Eastern Virginia Medical School.
⊥
University of Helsinki.
*
Corresponding author. Telephone: 501-686-5414. Fax: 501-603-1146. Email: [email protected].
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