Replacement of Lysine 45 by Uncharged Residues Modulates the Redox-Bohr Effect in Tetraheme Cytochrome c3 of Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Hildenborough)†
- Lígia M. Saraiva ,
- Carlos A. Salgueiro ,
- Patrícia N. da Costa ,
- Ana C. Messias ,
- Jean LeGall ,
- Walter M. A. M. van Dongen , and
- António V. Xavier
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Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apt. 127, 2780 Oeiras, Portugal, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, and Department of Biochemistry, Wageningen Agricultural University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
Abstract
The structural basis for the pH dependence of the redox potential in the tetrahemic Desulfovibriovulgaris (Hildenborough) cytochrome c3 was investigated by site-directed mutagenesis of charged residues in the vicinity of heme I. Mutation of lysine 45, located in the neighborhood of the propionates of heme I, by uncharged residues, namely threonine, glutamine and leucine, was performed. The replacement of a conserved charged residue, aspartate 7, present in the N-terminal region and near heme I was also attempted. The analysis of the redox interactions as well as the redox-Bohr behavior of the mutated cytochromes c3 allowed the conclusion that residue 45 has a functional role in the control of the pKa of the propionate groups of heme I and confirms the involvement of this residue in the redox-Bohr effect.
†
This work was supported by EU Grants FMRX-CT-98-0218, PRAXIS PCNA BIO/74/96 (AVX), and JCNIT BIA-2164/95 (L.M.S.).
‡
Universidade Nova de Lisboa.
§
University of Georgia.
⊥
Wageningen Agricultural University.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: 351-1-4428616. Fax: 351-1-4428766. E-mail: [email protected]
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