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Exploring the Molecular Adhesion of Ocular Mucins

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Mucin Research Group, Bristol Eye Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 2LX, U.K.; and H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, U.K.
Cite this: Biomacromolecules 2001, 2, 2, 498–503
Publication Date (Web):March 29, 2001
https://doi.org/10.1021/bm000145y
Copyright © 2001 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

Mucins have been ascribed both pro- and anti-adhesive functions. To clarify how both functions can be embodied in the same molecule we studied the interaction of human ocular mucins with mica and with mucins deposited on mica. Adhesion energy and forces of interaction were evaluated as a function of speed of approach, dwell time at maximum extension, and presence of divalent cations in the imaging buffer. Mucins were tethered to an AFM gold-coated tip. Repeated cycles of approach and retract to mica revealed a large number of adhesions in each cycle. Adhesion energy (0.2−48 aJ) and detachment forces (0.1−4 nN) increased with the addition of Ni(II) ions, and with lengthening dwell time. Speed of approach made little difference to the interactions. Most detachments occurred less than 40 nm from the surface. Inter-detachment distances reflected the major periodicities of the mica basal plane. Short distances of interaction, magnitude of detachment forces, and imaging of mucins on SAM all suggest deformable compact mucin aggregates on the AFM tip. Inter-detachment distances suggest a large degree of interpenetration between neighboring molecules. Tip-tethered mucins did not adhere to mucins deposited on mica. This phenomenon is analogous with the nonadherence of the mucin gels on lids and on cornea during blinking.

*

 Corresponding author. Division of Ophthalmology, Bristol Eye Hospital, Bristol BS1 2LX, UK. Telephone:  + 44 117 928 48 53. Fax:  +44 117 925 14 21. E-mail:  [email protected]

†

 Mucin Research Group, Bristol Eye Hospital, University of Bristol.

‡

 H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol,

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