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Electrospun Polyethylene Oxide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Nanofibrous Mats with Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Microstructures

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School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
E-mail: [email protected]. Tel: +1 225 578 8369. Fax: +1 225 578 4251.
Cite this: Biomacromolecules 2011, 12, 7, 2617–2625
Publication Date (Web):May 16, 2011
https://doi.org/10.1021/bm200401p
Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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An electrospinning process was successfully used to fabricate polyethylene oxide/cellulose nanocrystal (PEO/CNC) composite nanofibrous mats. Transition of homogeneous to heterogeneous microstructures was achieved by tailoring the concentration of PEO/CNC mixture in the solution from 5 to 7 wt %. Morphology investigation of the obtained nanofibers demonstrated that rod-shaped CNCs were well-dispersed in the as-spun nanofibers and highly aligned along the nanofiber long-axis. PEO/CNC nanofibers became more uniform and smaller in diameter with increased CNC-loading level. The heterogeneous composite mats were composed of rigid–flexible bimodal nanofibers. Results of structure characterization indicated that the incorporated CNCs interacted strongly with the PEO matrix through hydrogen bonding. Mechanical properties of both types of mats were effectively improved by using CNCs, with heterogeneous mats being stronger than their homogeneous counterparts for all compositions (0–20 wt % CNC contents). When a smaller diameter needle was used to form homogeneous mats, enhanced thermal and mechanical properties were obtained.

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