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Multidirectional Hierarchical Nanocomposites Made by Carbon Nanotube Growth within Layer-by-Layer-Assembled Films
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    Multidirectional Hierarchical Nanocomposites Made by Carbon Nanotube Growth within Layer-by-Layer-Assembled Films
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    Mechanosynthesis Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering
    Department of Chemical Engineering
    University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
    *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] (N.A.K.), [email protected] (A.J.H.).
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    Chemistry of Materials

    Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 4, 1023–1031
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/cm1030443
    Published January 5, 2011
    Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society

    Abstract

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    We demonstrate fabrication of multidirectional and hierarchical carbon nanotube (CNT) films on diverse substrates, using nanocomposite catalyst films prepared by layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly. CNT density and yield are controlled by the thickness of a montmorillonite clay/poly(dyallyldimethyl ammonium chloride (MTM/PDDA) support film. Using identical methods, few-walled CNTs are grown on flat silicon substrates, carbon fibers, and titanium wire mesh. On flat substrates, unique bilayer CNT forests, reminiscent of microscale “accordions”, form because of diffusion of the Fe catalyst through the support which is then split because of mechanical forces exerted by the growing CNTs. Electrochemical measurements of CNT-coated Ti wires demonstrate an 85-fold enhancement in specific capacitance, and 7.1 F/g for the CNTs alone. This novel approach to substrate engineering for CNT growth can create materials with unique and nonlinear properties by hierarchical ordering of CNTs at multiple length scales, and is scalable to large-area foils and fabrics.

    Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Information

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    Calculation of electrochemical performance parameters, TGA data (Figure S1), additional SEM images of self-stratified CNT forests (Figure S2), and additional SEM images of CNT forests grown on Ti wire mesh substrates (Figure S3). This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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    This article is cited by 21 publications.

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    Chemistry of Materials

    Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 4, 1023–1031
    Click to copy citationCitation copied!
    https://doi.org/10.1021/cm1030443
    Published January 5, 2011
    Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society

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