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Polyfluoroalkyl Compounds in Free-Ranging Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean

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Download Hi-Res ImageDownload to MS-PowerPointCite This:Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 17, 6591-6598
    Article

    Polyfluoroalkyl Compounds in Free-Ranging Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean
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    Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, L7R 4A6 Ontario, Canada, Chicago Zoological Society c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, Florida 34236, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina 29412-9110, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, 5600 U.S. 1 North, Ft. Pierce, Florida 34946, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 1315 East−West Highway, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910-3282, and Dolphin Quest, 4467 Saratoga, San Diego, California 92307
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    Environmental Science & Technology

    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 17, 6591–6598
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    https://doi.org/10.1021/es0506556
    Published July 22, 2005
    Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society
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    Abstract

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    Polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFAs) have been used for decades in industrial and commercial products and are now detected worldwide. Concentrations of two major PFA groups, carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and sulfonic acids (PFSAs), were assessed in plasma of bottlenose dolphins from the Gulf of Mexico (Sarasota Bay, FL) and the Atlantic Ocean (Delaware Bay, NJ, Charleston, SC, Indian River Lagoon (IRL), FL, and Bermuda). Eight PFAs were detected in the plasma of all dolphins. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant compound at all locations (range from 49 ng/g wet weight (w.w.) in dolphins from Bermuda to 1171 ng/g w.w. in plasma of animals from Charleston). Sum of PFA concentrations were significantly higher in animals from Charleston compared to IRL, Sarasota Bay, and Bermuda. Concentrations of several PFAs were negatively associated with age in animals from IRL and Charleston. No differences between gender were observed for all compounds at all locations. An increase in PFA concentrations was associated with a decrease of blubber thickness in animals from Sarasota Bay and IRL. Fluorotelomer 8:2 and 10:2 unsaturated carboxylic acids (FTUCAs), known degradation products of fluorotelomer alcohols and suspected precursors to PFCAs, were detected for the first time at low concentrations in plasma of dolphins.

    Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society

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    †

     Environment Canada.

    ‖

     University of Guelph.

    §

     Chicago Zoological Society c/o Mote Marine Laboratory.

    ‡

     National Ocean Service.

    #

     Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution.

    ⊥

     National Marine Fisheries Service, Beaufort, NC.

    ★

     National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, MD.

    ☆

     Dolphin Quest.

    *

     Corresponding author phone:  (905)319-6921; fax:  (905)336-6430; e-mail:  [email protected].

    Supporting Information Available

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    Spike concentration (ng), percent recovery, and standard deviation from spike and recovery experiment (n=3) of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in plasma of bottlenose dolphins (Table 1). This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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    This article is cited by 135 publications.

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    Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 17, 6591–6598
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