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Emission and Atmospheric Transport of Particulate PAHs in Northeast Asia

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Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, 1182, Sowa, Nishi-ku, Niigatashi, Niigata, 950-2144, Japan
Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1, Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0052, Japan
§ Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, 99352 Washington, USA
National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan
# Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1154, Japan
$ Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mucogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
*Phone: +81-25-263-0558; fax: +81-25-263-0567; e-mail: [email protected]
Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 9, 4941–4949
Publication Date (Web):March 22, 2012
https://doi.org/10.1021/es300391w
Copyright © 2012 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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The emission, concentration levels, and transboundary transport of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Northeast Asia were investigated using particulate PAH measurements, the newly developed emission inventory (Regional Emission inventory in ASia for Persistent Organic Pollutants version, REAS-POP), and the chemical transport model (Regional Air Quality Model ver2 for POPs version, RAQM2-POP). The simulated concentrations of the nine particulate PAHs agreed well with the measured concentrations, and the results firmly established the efficacy of REAS/RAQM2-POP. It was found that the PAH concentrations in Beijing (China, source region), which were emitted predominantly from domestic coal, domestic biofuel, and other transformations of coal (including coke production), were approximately 2 orders of magnitude greater than those monitored at Noto (Japan, leeward region). In Noto, the PAH concentrations showed seasonal variations; the PAH concentrations were high from winter to spring due to contributions from domestic coal, domestic biofuel, and other transformations of coal, and low in summer. In summer, these contribution were decrease, instead, other sources, such as the on-road mobile source, were relatively increased compared with those in winter. These seasonal variations were due to seasonal variations in emissions from China, as well as transboundary transport across the Asian continent associated with meteorological conditions.

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