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Effect of SOCl2 Treatment on Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Networks

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Contribution from the Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr.1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Institute of Technical Physics, University of Erlangen, Erwin-Rommel Strasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany, School of Physics and Condensed Matter Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Physics and Astronomy Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-2320
Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 14, 5125–5131
Publication Date (Web):March 15, 2005
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja046685a
Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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Chemical modification by SOCl2 of an entangled network of purified single-wall carbon nanotubes, also known as ‘bucky paper', is reported to profoundly change the electrical and mechanical properties of this system. Four-probe measurements indicate a conductivity increase by up to a factor of 5 at room temperature and an even more pronounced increase at lower temperatures. This chemical modification also improves the mechanical properties of SWNT networks. Whereas the pristine sample shows an overall semiconducting character, the modified material behaves as a metal. The effect of SOCl2 is studied in terms of chemical doping of the nanotube network. We identified the microscopic origin of these changes using SEM, XPS, NEXAFS, EDX, and Raman spectroscopy measurements and ab initio calculations. We interpret the SOCl2-induced conductivity increase by p-type doping of the pristine material. This conclusion is reached by electronic structure calculations, which indicate a Fermi level shift into the valence band, and is consistent with the temperature dependence of the thermopower.

*

 To whom correspondence should be addressed.

 Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research.

 University of Erlangen.

§

 Seoul National University.

 Michigan State University.

#

 Present address:  Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.

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