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Dye Regeneration Kinetics in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
Materials Science and Engineering, CSIRO, Clayton South, Victoria 3169, Australia
§ Intelligent Polymer Research Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
Research Institute for Photovoltaic Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
# School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 41, 16925–16928
Publication Date (Web):September 27, 2012
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja3054578
Copyright © 2012 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

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The ideal driving force for dye regeneration is an important parameter for the design of efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, nanosecond laser transient absorption spectroscopy was used to measure the rates of regeneration of six organic carbazole-based dyes by nine ferrocene derivatives whose redox potentials vary by 0.85 V, resulting in 54 different driving-force conditions. It was found that the reaction follows the behavior expected for the Marcus normal region for driving forces below 29 kJ mol–1E = 0.30 V). Driving forces of 29–101 kJ mol–1E = 0.30–1.05 V) resulted in similar reaction rates, indicating that dye regeneration is diffusion controlled. Quantitative dye regeneration (theoretical regeneration yield 99.9%) can be achieved with a driving force of 20–25 kJ mol–1E ≈ 0.20–0.25 V).

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Experimental procedures; specifications of the used materials; and further experimental data, including CV data (Tables S1 and S2), TAS spectra (Figures S1–S6), and fitted parameter values (Tables S3–S11). This material is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org.

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