Chain-End Functionalized Polymers for the Controlled Synthesis of Sub-2 nm Particles
- Peng-Cheng ChenPeng-Cheng ChenDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United StatesMore by Peng-Cheng Chen
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- Yuan LiuYuan LiuInternational Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United StatesMore by Yuan Liu
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- Jingshan S. DuJingshan S. DuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United StatesMore by Jingshan S. Du
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- Brian MeckesBrian MeckesInternational Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United StatesMore by Brian Meckes
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- Vinayak P. DravidVinayak P. DravidDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United StatesMore by Vinayak P. Dravid
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- Chad A. Mirkin*Chad A. Mirkin*Email: [email protected]Department of Materials Science and Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United StatesMore by Chad A. Mirkin
Abstract
A novel method for synthesizing arrays of uniform sub-2 nm particles on substrates is described. Such particles are made by (i) using dip-pen nanolithography to prepare nanoreactors consisting of metal-coordinated polymers; (ii) designing polymers with only one metal atom attached to each polymer chain; (iii) systematically controlling nanoreactor volume down to the yoctoliter scale; and (iv) transforming each nanoreactor into a metal nanoparticle through thermal annealing. Polymer design in this study is crucial, since it allows one to tightly control nanoparticle size by tuning the volume of the polymer reactors, which correlates with the number of polymer chains and, therefore, metal atoms. Mixtures of different metal-functionalized polymers were used to synthesize ultrasmall alloy particles. The technique and results described herein point toward a way of using these novel polymers to systematically explore the properties and uses of this important class of nanomaterials in many fields.
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