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Genetically Encoded Fragment-Based Discovery from Phage-Displayed Macrocyclic Libraries with Genetically Encoded Unnatural Pharmacophores

  • Arunika I. Ekanayake
    Arunika I. Ekanayake
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
  • Lena Sobze
    Lena Sobze
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
    More by Lena Sobze
  • Payam Kelich
    Payam Kelich
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
    More by Payam Kelich
  • Jihea Youk
    Jihea Youk
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
    More by Jihea Youk
  • Nicholas J. Bennett
    Nicholas J. Bennett
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
  • Raja Mukherjee
    Raja Mukherjee
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
  • Atul Bhardwaj
    Atul Bhardwaj
    Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
  • Frank Wuest
    Frank Wuest
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
    Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
    More by Frank Wuest
  • Lela Vukovic
    Lela Vukovic
    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
    More by Lela Vukovic
  • , and 
  • Ratmir Derda*
    Ratmir Derda
    Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
    *Email: [email protected]
    More by Ratmir Derda
Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143, 14, 5497–5507
Publication Date (Web):March 30, 2021
https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c01186
Copyright © 2021 American Chemical Society

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    Supporting Info (3)»

    Abstract

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    Genetically encoded macrocyclic peptide libraries with unnatural pharmacophores are valuable sources for the discovery of ligands for many targets of interest. Traditionally, generation of such libraries employs “early stage” incorporation of unnatural building blocks into the chemically or translationally produced macrocycles. Here, we describe a divergent late-stage approach to such libraries starting from readily available starting material: genetically encoded libraries of peptides. A diketone linchpin 1,5-dichloropentane-2,4-dione converts peptide libraries displayed on phage to 1,3-diketone bearing macrocyclic peptides (DKMP): shelf-stable precursors for Knorr pyrazole synthesis. Ligation of diverse hydrazine derivatives onto DKMP libraries displayed on phage that carries silent DNA-barcodes yields macrocyclic libraries in which the amino acid sequence and the pharmacophore are encoded by DNA. Selection of this library against carbonic anhydrase enriched macrocycles with benzenesulfonamide pharmacophore and nanomolar Kd. The methodology described in this manuscript can graft diverse pharmacophores into many existing genetically encoded phage libraries and significantly increase the value of such libraries in molecular discoveries.

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.1c01186.

    • Detailed synthetic methods, biochemical methods describing the synthesis and selection of phage libraries, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assay or protein–ligand binding, data processing methods describing the analysis of the DNA sequencing data, statistical methods, and computational calculations and predictions for bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA)-macrocycle binding and solution conformations of the macrocycles (PDF)

    • LCMS monitoring of byproduct generation, NMR spectra of byproduct with peptide 3b, synthesis and characterization of diketone and extra products from EDT (PDF)

    • Source data: submitted as “data.zip” contain files describing “Kinetics Matlab” directory with raw data used to monitor the kinetics of reactions and MatLab scripts for curve fit; “Sequence files” directory with *.txt files describing the raw deep-sequencing data, *.xlsx tables describing the silent barcoding, *.xlsx tables describing the differential enrichment (DE) analysis; Supplementary Files S1 and S2 describing the output of differential enrichment analysis and clustering; Titers.xlsx describing the phage titers (PFU) for all experiments described in this manuscript; .gif file showing the binding pose of sa-SFCDTYC:BCA (ZIP)

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    CCDC 2001271 contains the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. These data can be obtained free of charge via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif, or by emailing [email protected], or by contacting The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; fax: +44 1223 336033.

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