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Combination of Supercritical CO2 and Vacuum Distillation for the Fractionation of Bergamot Oil

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Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 860-8555, Japan
Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2004, 52, 16, 5162–5167
Publication Date (Web):July 7, 2004
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049895f
Copyright © 2004 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

Supercritical CO2 can be used to separate oxygenated compounds from essential oils. This technique still cannot replace vacuum distillation as an industrial process because of low recoveries and inconsistent results. In the present work, a comparison between the two methods was made in terms of composition, recovery, and color. Vacuum distillation and supercritical CO2 are complementary processes for producing high quality oxygenated compounds with high recovery rates. The former is more suitable for removing monoterpenes at low fraction temperatures (≤308 K), and the latter is more suitable for separating oxygenated compounds from pigments and waxes. Consequently, the two methods were combined. For supercritical CO2 fractionation, the parameters of pressure, temperature gradient, and the ratio of solvent to feed were investigated for the fractionation of oxygenated compounds with high recoveries (≥85%) and without other macromolecules, such as pigments and waxes.

Keywords: Bergamot oil; terpene; oxygenated terpene; supercritical CO2; vacuum distillation

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